Waititu S M, Yin F, Patterson R, Yitbarek A, Rodriguez-Lecompte J C, Nyachoti C M
1Department of Animal Science,University of Manitoba,Winnipeg,MB,Canada,R3T 2N2.
2Canadian Bio-Systems Inc.,Calgary,AB,Canada,T2C 0J7.
Animal. 2017 Dec;11(12):2156-2164. doi: 10.1017/S1751731117001276. Epub 2017 Jun 20.
An experiment was carried out to evaluate the short-term effect of supplementing a nucleotide-rich yeast extract (NRYE) on growth performance, gut structure, immunity and microflora of piglets raised under sanitary and unsanitary conditions. A total of 84, 21-day old piglets were used in this study; 42 piglets were raised in a room designated as the clean room that was washed once per week, whereas the other 42 piglets were raised in a room designated as the unclean room in which 7 kg of manure from the sow herd was spread on each pen floor on day 1 and 7 and the room was not washed throughout the experiment. The pigs were fed a corn-soybean meal-based diet without or with 0.1% NRYE. Each treatment had 7 replicate pens in each room, and each pen housed 3 pigs. Feed disappearance and BW were recorded on day 1 and 14. On day 14, one pig per pen was euthanized to collect ileum, mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen tissues, and cecum and colon digesta. Overall, NRYE supplementation did not affect growth performance in both clean and unclean conditions, improved kidney weight in both clean (P=0.0002) and unclean room (P<0.0001) and tended to improve the villus height/crypt depth ratio in the clean room (P=0.073). Supplementing NRYE was associated with upregulation of Ileal programmed cell death gene-1 (P=0.0003), interleukin (IL)-1β (P<0.0001), IL-6 (P=0.0003), IL-10 (P<0.0001) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (P<0.0001) in pigs raised in the unclean room. Supplementing the NRYE in pigs raised in the clean room suppressed growth of cecal Enterobacteriacea (P<0.0001) members and colonic Enterococcus spp. (P<0.019), improved proliferation of cecal Lactobacillus spp. (P<0.002) and colonic Clostridium cluster IV (P<0.011) and XVIa members (P<0.0002). Supplementing the NRYE in the unclean room improved proliferation of cecal Clostridium cluster IV (P<0.026) and suppressed proliferation of colonic Enterococcus spp. (P<0.037). In conclusion, supplementing the NRYE to piglets under unsanitary conditions improved ileal immune response by upregulating inflammatory cytokines, and positively modulated proliferation of beneficial gut bacteria and suppression of harmful ones in both clean and unclean rooms.
进行了一项实验，以评估补充富含核苷酸的酵母提取物（NRYE）对在卫生和不卫生条件下饲养的仔猪生长性能、肠道结构、免疫力和微生物群的短期影响。本研究共使用了84头21日龄的仔猪；42头仔猪饲养在指定为清洁室的房间内，每周清洗一次，而另外42头仔猪饲养在指定为不清洁室的房间内，在第1天和第7天，每栏地面上撒上7公斤母猪粪便，且在整个实验过程中不清洗房间。给猪饲喂不含或含有0.1%NRYE的玉米-豆粕型日粮。每个处理在每个房间有7个重复栏，每个栏饲养3头猪。在第1天和第14天记录饲料消耗量和体重。在第14天，每栏处死1头猪，以收集回肠、肠系膜淋巴结和脾脏组织，以及盲肠和结肠内容物。总体而言，补充NRYE在清洁和不清洁条件下均不影响生长性能，在清洁室（P=0.0002）和不清洁室（P<0.0001）均提高了肾脏重量，并在清洁室有提高绒毛高度/隐窝深度比的趋势（P=0.073）。在不清洁室饲养的猪中，补充NRYE与回肠程序性细胞死亡基因-1（P=0.0003）、白细胞介素（IL）-1β（P<0.0001）、IL-6（P=0.0003）、IL-10（P<0.0001）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）（P<0.0001）的上调有关。在清洁室饲养的猪中补充NRYE可抑制盲肠肠杆菌科成员（P<0.0001）和结肠肠球菌属（P<0.019）的生长，提高盲肠乳酸杆菌属（P<0.002）和结肠梭菌属IV群（P<0.011）及XVIa群成员（P<0.0002）的增殖。在不清洁室补充NRYE可提高盲肠梭菌属IV群的增殖（P<0.026），并抑制结肠肠球菌属的增殖（P<0.037）。总之，在不卫生条件下给仔猪补充NRYE可通过上调炎性细胞因子改善回肠免疫反应，并在清洁和不清洁房间中对有益肠道细菌的增殖和有害细菌的抑制产生积极调节作用。
