School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
Nanoscale. 2017 Jun 29;9(25):8825-8833. doi: 10.1039/c7nr02922e.
The wonderful chemical structures and characteristics of low-dimensional carbon materials have exciting applications in life sciences. In the present study, we developed a facile strategy to conjugate C with graphene via host-guest chemistry for targeted phototherapy. A versatile carrier based on folic acid-functionalized graphene (GO-FA) and comprising γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) at its surface was assembled via π-π interaction, creating hybrid structures with drug storage and tumor targeting properties. This γ-CD-modified graphene (GO-FA/Py-γ-CD) is capable of hosting pristine C molecules for the fabrication of a GO-FA/Py-γ-CD/C nanohybrid. The hybridization of GO-FA, γ-CD, and C hinders the aggregation of C, promotes cellular uptake, enhances light absorption, and finally demonstrates enhanced phototherapy effects of GO-FA/Py-γ-CD/C. Under Xe lamp irradiation (2 W cm) for 4 min, GO-FA/Py-γ-CD/C simultaneously causes heating and intracellular ROS production, which further significantly reduces the cell viability to 16.2% at low content of loading (30 μg mL). Moreover, it represents an excellent tumor killing efficiency, better than that of the other reported graphene/C nanohybrids; thus, this material is suitable for applications in phototherapy of cancer.
低维碳材料的奇妙化学结构和特性在生命科学中具有令人兴奋的应用。在本研究中，我们开发了一种通过主客体化学将 C 与石墨烯偶联用于靶向光疗的简便策略。通过π-π相互作用组装了一种基于叶酸功能化石墨烯（GO-FA）的多功能载体，并在其表面包含γ-环糊精（γ-CD），从而形成具有药物储存和肿瘤靶向特性的杂化结构。这种γ-CD 修饰的石墨烯（GO-FA/Py-γ-CD）能够容纳原始的 C 分子，用于制造 GO-FA/Py-γ-CD/C 纳米杂化物。GO-FA、γ-CD 和 C 的杂交阻碍了 C 的聚集，促进了细胞摄取，增强了光吸收，最终证明了 GO-FA/Py-γ-CD/C 的增强光疗效果。在 Xe 灯照射（2 W cm）4 分钟下，GO-FA/Py-γ-CD/C 同时引起加热和细胞内 ROS 产生，进而在低负载量（30 μg mL）下将细胞活力显著降低至 16.2%。此外，它表现出优异的肿瘤杀伤效率，优于其他报道的石墨烯/C 纳米杂化物；因此，这种材料适用于癌症的光疗应用。
