Vinader-Caerols Concepción, Talk Andrew, Montañés Adriana, Duque Aránzazu, Monleón Santiago
Department of Psychobiology, University of Valencia, Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
Department of Psychology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351,Australia.
Alcohol Alcohol. 2017 Sep 1;52(5):610-616. doi: 10.1093/alcalc/agx040.
Binge drinking (BD) is characterized by intermittent consumption of large quantities of alcohol in short periods. This pattern of drinking is prevalent among adolescents, and has been associated with undermined learning and memory ability. This study investigates the relationships between a history of BD and the effects of acute exposure to alcohol on learning and memory performance in adolescent men and women.
A high, acute dose of alcohol or control refreshment was administered to a sample of 172 adolescent undergraduate students, some of which had a history of BD and others of which had refrained from alcohol consumption. Subsequently, immediate visual memory (IVM) and working memory (WM) was measured according to the Wechsler Memory Scale in females and males with different BAC (Experiment 1) and similar BAC (Experiment 2).
In both experiments, IVM was reduced after acute alcohol consumption and there was no significant main effect of Drinking Pattern. Furthermore, an effect of cognitive alcohol tolerance on IVM was observed in women but not in men. WM was not affected by alcohol, but a gender difference was evident in that performance was superior in men than in women.
In adolescents, IVM is more sensitive than WM to impairment by alcohol, and women are more vulnerable to the neurotoxic effects of alcohol than men, since the cognitive tolerance effect of alcohol on IVM develops in BD women but not in BD men. These findings emphasize the need to investigate the neurotoxic effects of alcohol in adolescent women.
In adolescents, immediate visual memory (IVM) is more sensitive than working memory to impairment by alcohol, and women are more vulnerable to the neurotoxic effects of alcohol than men, because the cognitive tolerance effect of alcohol on IVM develops in binge drinking (BD) women but not in BD men.
暴饮（BD）的特点是在短时间内间歇性大量饮酒。这种饮酒模式在青少年中很普遍，并与学习和记忆能力受损有关。本研究调查BD史与急性酒精暴露对青少年男性和女性学习和记忆表现的影响之间的关系。
对172名青少年本科生样本给予高剂量急性酒精或对照饮品，其中一些人有BD史，另一些人则戒酒。随后，根据韦氏记忆量表对不同血液酒精浓度（BAC）（实验1）和相似BAC（实验2）的男性和女性测量即时视觉记忆（IVM）和工作记忆（WM）。
在两个实验中，急性饮酒后IVM均降低，饮酒模式无显著主效应。此外，在女性中观察到酒精认知耐受性对IVM的影响，而在男性中未观察到。WM不受酒精影响，但存在性别差异，即男性表现优于女性。
在青少年中，IVM比WM对酒精损害更敏感，女性比男性更容易受到酒精神经毒性作用的影响，因为酒精对IVM的认知耐受效应在BD女性中出现，而在BD男性中未出现。这些发现强调了研究酒精对青少年女性神经毒性作用的必要性。
在青少年中，即时视觉记忆（IVM）比工作记忆对酒精损害更敏感，女性比男性更容易受到酒精神经毒性作用的影响，因为酒精对IVM的认知耐受效应在暴饮（BD）女性中出现，而在BD男性中未出现。
