Giorgetti Arianna, Centola Carmela, Giorgetti Raffaele
Section of Legal Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
Hum Psychopharmacol. 2017 May;32(3). doi: 10.1002/hup.2605. Epub 2017 Jun 21.
Fentanyl (FEN) is a potent, synthetic narcotic used as an anaesthetic and a pain reliever, but also illegally manufactured. For diversion purpose, it is being steadily modified to produce new analogous compounds and derivatives (FENS), categorised as novel psychoactive substances. While potential FEN abuse is already known, even in the absence of a clear lethal dosage, there is still a shortage of data on its derivatives.
A literature review of FENS-related deaths was performed, to better understand potential damage and future perspectives of FEN congeners.
Epidemiological data, pathological findings, administration routes, average concentrations and lethal doses, toxicological issues, trends in misuses, comparison among FENS, and possible explanation for FENS abuse are reviewed and discussed in depth.
This study provides a medical-legal and toxicological assessment of this phenomenon in order to understand the role of illegal fentanyl and its congeners in deaths from FENS overdose.
芬太尼（FEN）是一种强效合成麻醉性镇痛药，也被非法制造。为用于非法目的，它不断被改造以生产新的类似化合物和衍生物（FENS），这些被归类为新型精神活性物质。虽然芬太尼的潜在滥用情况已为人所知，即便尚无明确的致死剂量，但关于其衍生物的数据仍很匮乏。
对与FENS相关的死亡案例进行文献综述，以更好地了解芬太尼同系物的潜在危害和未来前景。
深入回顾并讨论了流行病学数据、病理结果、给药途径、平均浓度和致死剂量、毒理学问题、滥用趋势、FENS之间的比较，以及FENS滥用的可能原因。
本研究对这一现象进行了医学法律和毒理学评估，以了解非法芬太尼及其同系物在FENS过量致死中的作用。
