非法芬太尼使用、过量用药的不断加剧的危机，以及潜在的治疗策略。
The rising crisis of illicit fentanyl use, overdose, and potential therapeutic strategies.
机构信息
National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, 100191, Beijing, China.
Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), 100191, Beijing, China.
出版信息
Transl Psychiatry. 2019 Nov 11;9(1):282. doi: 10.1038/s41398-019-0625-0.
Fentanyl is a powerful opioid anesthetic and analgesic, the use of which has caused an increasing public health threat in the United States and elsewhere. Fentanyl was initially approved and used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain, especially cancer pain. However, recent years have seen a growing concern that fentanyl and its analogs are widely synthesized in laboratories and adulterated with illicit supplies of heroin, cocaine, methamphetamine, and counterfeit pills, contributing to the exponential growth in the number of drug-related overdose deaths. This review summarizes the recent epidemic and evolution of illicit fentanyl use, its pharmacological mechanisms and side effects, and the potential clinical management and prevention of fentanyl-related overdoses. Because social, economic, and health problems that are related to the use of fentanyl and its analogs are growing, there is an urgent need to implement large-scale safe and effective harm reduction strategies to prevent fentanyl-related overdoses.
芬太尼是一种强效阿片类麻醉性镇痛药，其使用在美国和其他地方造成了日益严重的公共卫生威胁。芬太尼最初被批准用于治疗中重度疼痛，特别是癌症疼痛。然而，近年来人们越来越担心，芬太尼及其类似物在实验室中广泛合成，并与海洛因、可卡因、冰毒和假冒药丸等非法供应品混合，导致与药物相关的过量死亡人数呈指数级增长。本综述总结了非法芬太尼使用的最新流行情况和演变，其药理学机制和副作用，以及芬太尼相关过量的潜在临床管理和预防。由于与芬太尼及其类似物使用相关的社会、经济和健康问题不断增加，迫切需要实施大规模安全有效的减少伤害策略，以预防芬太尼相关的过量。
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