Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Meta-Research Innovation Office, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Obes Rev. 2017 Sep;18(9):1096-1107. doi: 10.1111/obr.12550. Epub 2017 Jun 21.
Flaxseed consumption may be inversely associated with obesity; however, findings of available randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are conflicting. The present study aimed to systematically review and analyse RCTs assessing the effects of flaxseed consumption on body weight and body composition. PubMed, Medline via Ovid, SCOPUS, EMBASE and ISI Web of Sciences databases were searched up to November 2016. Mean changes in body composition indices including body weight, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference were extracted. Effect sizes were expressed as weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Heterogeneity between studies was assessed with the I test. Publication bias and subgroup analyses were also performed. The quality of articles was assessed via the Jadad scale. A total of 45 RCTs were included. Meta-analyses suggested a significant reduction in body weight (WMD: -0.99 kg, 95% CI: -1.67, -0.31, p = 0.004), BMI (WMD: -0.30 kg m , 95% CI: -0.53, -0.08, p = 0.008) and waist circumference (WMD: -0.80 cm, 95% CI: -1.40, -0.20, p = 0.008) following flaxseed supplementation. Subgroup analyses showed that using whole flaxseed in doses ≥30 g d , longer-term interventions (≥12 weeks) and studies including participants with higher BMI (≥ 27 kg m ) had positive effects on body composition. Whole flaxseed is a good choice for weight management particularly for weight reduction in overweight and obese participants.
亚麻籽的食用可能与肥胖呈负相关；然而，现有随机对照试验（RCT）的结果存在矛盾。本研究旨在系统地评价和分析评估亚麻籽食用对体重和身体成分影响的 RCT。检索了 PubMed、Ovid 中的 Medline、SCOPUS、EMBASE 和 ISI Web of Sciences 数据库，检索截至 2016 年 11 月。提取体重、体重指数（BMI）和腰围等身体成分指数的平均变化。效应大小表示为加权均数差（WMD）和 95%置信区间（CI）。采用 I 检验评估研究间的异质性。还进行了发表偏倚和亚组分析。通过 Jadad 量表评估文章的质量。共纳入 45 项 RCT。荟萃分析表明，体重（WMD：-0.99kg，95%CI：-1.67，-0.31，p=0.004）、BMI（WMD：-0.30kg·m ，95%CI：-0.53，-0.08，p=0.008）和腰围（WMD：-0.80cm，95%CI：-1.40，-0.20，p=0.008）显著降低。亚组分析表明，使用剂量≥30g/d 的整粒亚麻籽、干预时间≥12 周以及纳入 BMI 较高（≥27kg·m ）的参与者的研究对身体成分有积极影响。整粒亚麻籽是体重管理的良好选择，特别是对超重和肥胖参与者的减肥。
