Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39 A, Chandigarh, 160036, India.
Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Microbial Technology, Microbial Type Culture Collection and Gene Bank (MTCC), Chandigarh, India.
Microbiome. 2017 Jun 21;5(1):61. doi: 10.1186/s40168-017-0277-3.
Although culture-independent methods have paved the way for characterization of the lung microbiome, the dynamic changes in the lung microbiome from neonatal stage to adult age have not been investigated.
In this study, we tracked changes in composition and diversity of the lung microbiome in C57BL/6N mice, starting from 1-week-old neonates to 8-week-old mice. Towards this, the lungs were sterilely excised from mice of different ages from 1 to 8 weeks. High-throughput DNA sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene followed by composition and diversity analysis was utilized to decipher the microbiome in these samples. Microbiome analysis suggests that the changes in the lung microbiome correlated with age. The lung microbiome was primarily dominated by phyla Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria in all the stages from week 1 to week 8 after birth. Although Defluvibacter was the predominant genus in 1-week-old neonatal mice, Streptococcus became the dominant genus at the age of 2 weeks. Lactobacillus, Defluvibacter, Streptococcus, and Achromobacter were the dominant genera in 3-week-old mice, while Lactobacillus and Achromobacter were the most abundant genera in 4-week-old mice. Interestingly, relatively greater diversity (at the genus level) during the age of 5 to 6 weeks was observed as compared to the earlier weeks. The diversity of the lung microbiome remained stable between 6 and 8 weeks of age.
In summary, we have tracked the development of the lung microbiome in mice from an early age of 1 week to adulthood. The lung microbiome is dominated by the phyla Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria. However, dynamic changes were observed at the genus level. Relatively higher richness in the microbial diversity was achieved by age of 6 weeks and then maintained at later ages. We believe that this study improves our understanding of the development of the mice lung microbiome and will facilitate further analyses of the role of the lung microbiome in chronic lung diseases.
尽管非培养方法为肺部微生物组的特征描述铺平了道路，但从新生儿期到成年期肺部微生物组的动态变化尚未得到研究。
在这项研究中，我们从 1 周龄的新生到 8 周龄的小鼠开始，追踪了 C57BL/6N 小鼠肺部微生物组组成和多样性的变化。为此，从 1 周到 8 周龄的不同年龄的小鼠无菌切除肺部。然后，利用高通量 16S rRNA 基因测序进行组成和多样性分析，以破译这些样本中的微生物组。微生物组分析表明，肺部微生物组的变化与年龄相关。在出生后第 1 周到第 8 周的所有阶段，肺部微生物组主要由门Proteobacteria、Firmicutes、Bacteroidetes 和 Actinobacteria 主导。虽然 Defluvibacter 是 1 周龄新生小鼠的主要属，但在 2 周龄时，Streptococcus 成为主要属。在 3 周龄的小鼠中，Lactobacillus、Defluvibacter、Streptococcus 和 Achromobacter 是主要属，而在 4 周龄的小鼠中，Lactobacillus 和 Achromobacter 是最丰富的属。有趣的是，与早期几周相比，在 5 至 6 周龄时观察到相对更大的多样性（在属水平上）。在 6 至 8 周龄之间，肺部微生物组的多样性保持稳定。
总之，我们已经从 1 周龄的早期到成年期跟踪了小鼠肺部微生物组的发育。肺部微生物组由门Proteobacteria、Firmicutes、Bacteroidetes 和 Actinobacteria 主导。然而，在属水平上观察到了动态变化。在 6 周龄时，微生物多样性的相对丰富度达到峰值，然后在后期保持稳定。我们相信，这项研究提高了我们对小鼠肺部微生物组发育的理解，并将促进对肺部微生物组在慢性肺部疾病中的作用的进一步分析。
