Qiu Qi, Zhang Shengyu, Lin Xiang, Ban Chunxia, Yang Haibo, Liu Zhengwen, Wang Jingrong, Wang Tao, Xiao Shifu, Abdel-Khalek Ahmed M, Li Xia
Department of Psychogeriatrics, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Department of Psychiatry, The Third Daqing People's Hospital, Heilongjiang, China.
Shanghai Arch Psychiatry. 2016 Jun 25;28(3):139-146. doi: 10.11919/j.issn.1002-0829.216033.
Death anxiety is regarded as a risk and maintaining factor of psychopathology. While the Arabic Scale of Death Anxiety (ASDA) is a brief, commonly used assessment, such a tool is lacking in Chinese clinical practice.
The current study was conducted to develop a Chinese version of the ASDA, i.e., the ASDA(C), using a multistage back-translation technique, and examine the psychometric properties of the scale.
A total of 1372 participants from hospitals and universities located in three geographic areas of China were recruited for this study. To calculate the criterion-related validity of the ASDA(C) compared to the Chinese version of the longer-form Multidimensional Orientation toward Dying and Death Inventory (MODDI-F/chin), 49 undergraduates were randomly assigned to complete both questionnaires. Of the total participants, 56 were randomly assigned to retake the ASDA(C) in order to estimate the one-week, test-retest reliability of the ASDA(C).
The overall Cronbach's alpha was 0.91 for the whole scale. The one-week, test-retest reliability was 0.96. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) revealed three factors, "fear of dead people and tombs," "fear of lethal disease," and "fear of postmortem events," accounted for 57.09% of the total variance. Factor structure for the three-factor model was sound. The correlation between the total scores on the ASDA(C) and the MODDI-F/chin was 0.54, indicating acceptable concurrent validity.
ASDA(C) has adequate psychometrics and properties that make it a reliable and valid scale to assess death anxiety in Mandarin-speaking Chinese.
死亡焦虑被视为精神病理学的一个风险因素和维持因素。虽然阿拉伯语死亡焦虑量表（ASDA）是一种简短且常用的评估工具，但中国临床实践中缺乏这样的工具。
本研究旨在使用多阶段回译技术开发ASDA的中文版，即ASDA（C），并检验该量表的心理测量特性。
本研究招募了来自中国三个地理区域的医院和大学的1372名参与者。为了计算ASDA（C）与中文版较长形式的多维死亡取向量表（MODDI-F/chin）相比的效标关联效度，随机分配49名本科生完成两份问卷。在所有参与者中，随机分配56人重新填写ASDA（C），以估计ASDA（C）的一周重测信度。
整个量表的总体克朗巴哈α系数为0.91。一周重测信度为0.96。探索性因素分析（EFA）揭示了三个因素，即“对死者和坟墓的恐惧”、“对致命疾病的恐惧”和“对死后事件的恐惧”，占总方差的57.09%。三因素模型的因素结构良好。ASDA（C）总分与MODDI-F/chin的相关性为0.54，表明具有可接受的同时效度。
ASDA（C）具有足够的心理测量学特性，使其成为评估说普通话的中国人死亡焦虑的可靠有效量表。
