Hron Alexander J, Asakura Atsushi
Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Paul and Sheila Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Center, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Stem Cells Int. 2017;2017:2480375. doi: 10.1155/2017/2480375. Epub 2017 May 30.
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is an aggressive family of soft tissue tumors that most commonly manifests in children. RMS variants express several skeletal muscle markers, suggesting myogenic stem or progenitor cell origin of RMS. In this review, the roles of both recently identified and well-established microRNAs in RMS are discussed and summarized in a succinct, tabulated format. Additionally, the subtypes of RMS are reviewed along with the involvement of basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins, Pax proteins, and microRNAs in normal and pathologic myogenesis. Finally, the current and potential future treatment options for RMS are outlined.
横纹肌肉瘤（RMS）是一类侵袭性软组织肿瘤，最常见于儿童。RMS变体表达多种骨骼肌标志物，提示RMS起源于肌源性干细胞或祖细胞。在本综述中，以简洁的表格形式讨论并总结了近期发现的以及已明确的微小RNA在RMS中的作用。此外，还综述了RMS的亚型，以及碱性螺旋-环-螺旋（bHLH）蛋白、Pax蛋白和微小RNA在正常和病理性肌生成中的作用。最后，概述了RMS目前的治疗选择以及潜在的未来治疗方案。
