Henjum Sigrun, Lilleengen Anne Marie, Aakre Inger, Dudareva Anna, Gjengedal Elin Lovise Folven, Meltzer Helle Margrete, Brantsæter Anne Lise
Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo and Akershus University, College of Applied Sciences, Oslo 0310, Norway.
Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Aas 1433, Norway.
Nutrients. 2017 Jun 22;9(7):643. doi: 10.3390/nu9070643.
Breastfed infants depend on sufficient maternal iodine intake for optimal growth and neurological development. Despite this, few studies have assessed iodine concentrations in human milk and there is currently no published data on iodine status among lactating women in Norway. The aim of this study was to assess iodine concentrations in breast milk (BMIC) in lactating women and estimate iodine intake. Five Mother and Child Health Centres in Oslo were randomly selected during 2016, and 175 lactating women between 2nd and 28th weeks postpartum participated. Each of the women provided four breastmilk samples which were pooled and analysed for iodine concentrations. Participants also provided information on iodine intake from food and supplements covering the last 24 h and the habitual iodine intake (food frequency questionnaire). The median (p25, p75 percentiles) BMIC was 68 (45, 98) µg/L and 76% had BMIC <100 µg/L. Only 19% had taken an iodine-containing supplement during the last 24 h. The median 24 h iodine intake from food (p25, p75) was 121 (82, 162) µg/day and the total intake (food and supplements) was 134 (95, 222) µg/day. The majority of lactating women had suboptimal BMIC and inadequate intake of iodine from food and supplements.
母乳喂养的婴儿依赖于母亲充足的碘摄入量以实现最佳生长和神经发育。尽管如此，很少有研究评估人乳中的碘浓度，目前挪威尚无关于哺乳期妇女碘状况的公开数据。本研究的目的是评估哺乳期妇女母乳中的碘浓度（BMIC）并估计碘摄入量。2016年期间，奥斯陆的五家母婴健康中心被随机选中，175名产后第2至28周的哺乳期妇女参与其中。每位妇女提供四份母乳样本，样本混合后分析碘浓度。参与者还提供了过去24小时从食物和补充剂中摄入碘的信息以及习惯性碘摄入量（食物频率问卷）。BMIC的中位数（第25、第75百分位数）为68（45，98）μg/L，76%的妇女BMIC<100μg/L。在过去24小时内，只有19%的妇女服用了含碘补充剂。食物中碘的24小时摄入量中位数（第25、第75百分位数）为121（82，162）μg/天，总摄入量（食物和补充剂）为134（95，222）μg/天。大多数哺乳期妇女的BMIC不理想，从食物和补充剂中摄入的碘不足。
