Greene R W, Carpenter D O
J Neurophysiol. 1985 Sep;54(3):520-31. doi: 10.1152/jn.1985.54.3.520.
The actions of several neurotransmitters were determined on 43 antidromically identified reticulospinal neurons and 72 unidentified neurons in the paraabducens reticular formation of the anesthetized cat. All neurons were excited by glutamate and aspartate, both of which caused brief, high-frequency responses. In 80% of the reticulospinal neurons glutamate was more potent than aspartate, whereas in 61% of the unidentified neurons aspartate was more potent. Glutamate responses were reversibly antagonized by curare applied by pressure injection. Fast inhibitory responses were obtained on all neurons tested to gamma-aminobutyric acid, glycine, and norepinephrine. Some neurons showed similarly fast inhibitory responses to acetylcholine and serotonin. Acetylcholine and serotonin both acted on most neurons, but approximately equal numbers of neurons showed a relatively fast inhibition, a relatively slow and long-lasting excitation, and a biphasic combination of inhibition and slow-excitation responses. The pattern of responses to acetylcholine and serotonin is consistent with a spatial separation of excitatory and inhibitory receptors on different portions of the cell, possibly reflecting different inputs that use the same transmitter but have effects of opposite electrical and functional polarity. Although complicated by the phenomenon of excitatory and inhibitory responses to the same transmitter, these results are compatible with the Hobson-McCarley model of generation of desynchronized sleep.
在麻醉猫的外展旁网状结构中，对43个经逆向鉴定的网状脊髓神经元和72个未鉴定的神经元，测定了几种神经递质的作用。所有神经元均被谷氨酸和天冬氨酸兴奋，二者均可引起短暂的高频反应。在80%的网状脊髓神经元中，谷氨酸比天冬氨酸更有效，而在61%的未鉴定神经元中，天冬氨酸更有效。通过压力注射应用箭毒可使谷氨酸反应可逆性拮抗。对所有测试的神经元，γ-氨基丁酸、甘氨酸和去甲肾上腺素均可引起快速抑制反应。一些神经元对乙酰胆碱和5-羟色胺也表现出类似的快速抑制反应。乙酰胆碱和5-羟色胺均作用于大多数神经元，但约相同数量的神经元表现出相对快速的抑制、相对缓慢且持久的兴奋以及抑制和缓慢兴奋反应的双相组合。对乙酰胆碱和5-羟色胺的反应模式与细胞不同部位兴奋性和抑制性受体的空间分离一致，这可能反映了使用相同递质但具有相反电和功能极性效应的不同输入。尽管由于对同一递质存在兴奋和抑制反应的现象而变得复杂，但这些结果与霍布森-麦卡利去同步化睡眠产生模型相符。
