Scheeline Alexander
Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA and Spectroclick Inc, Champaign, IL, USA.
Appl Spectrosc. 2017 Oct;71(10):2237-2252. doi: 10.1177/0003702817720468. Epub 2017 Jul 17.
Designing a spectrometer requires knowledge of the problem to be solved, the molecules whose properties will contribute to a solution of that problem and skill in many subfields of science and engineering. A seemingly simple problem, design of an ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared spectrometer, is used to show the reasoning behind the trade-offs in instrument design. Rather than reporting a fully optimized instrument, the Yin and Yang of design choices, leading to decisions about financial cost, materials choice, resolution, throughput, aperture, and layout are described. To limit scope, aspects such as grating blaze, electronics design, and light sources are not presented. The review illustrates the mixture of mathematical rigor, rule of thumb, esthetics, and availability of components that contribute to the art of spectrometer design.
设计一台光谱仪需要了解要解决的问题、其特性有助于解决该问题的分子，以及科学和工程许多子领域的技能。一个看似简单的问题，即紫外、可见和近红外光谱仪的设计，被用来展示仪器设计中权衡取舍背后的推理过程。本文并非报告一台完全优化的仪器，而是描述了设计选择的阴阳两面，这些选择导致了关于财务成本、材料选择、分辨率、通量、孔径和布局的决策。为了限制范围，本文未介绍诸如光栅闪耀、电子设计和光源等方面。这篇综述阐述了数学严谨性、经验法则、美学以及组件可用性的结合，这些因素共同构成了光谱仪设计的艺术。
