Wesselink Monique, Desmyter Stijn, Kuiper Irene
Netherlands Forensic Institute, P.O. Box 24044, 2490 AA, The Hague, The Netherlands; Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94248, 1090 GE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
National Institute of Criminalistics and Criminology, Vilvoordsesteenweg 100, B-1120, Brussels, Belgium.
Forensic Sci Int Genet. 2017 Sep;30:71-80. doi: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2017.05.011. Epub 2017 Jun 4.
Typing of different portions of the feline mitochondrial control region has illustrated pronounced differences in haplotype distributions between cats from the Netherlands and other parts of the world. To gain a better understanding of the haplotype distribution of North West Continental Europe, 605bp of mitochondrial DNA was typed from randomly selected cats from the Netherlands (N=146), Belgium (N=64) and South West Germany (N=128). The genetic differences between these randomly sampled European populations correlate to the geographical distances, with the Dutch and the South West German populations furthest apart and the Belgian population as an intermediate (Fst values 0.01-0.03). Comparison of North West European mainland distributions to published feline mitochondrial haplotype distributions illustrated moderate to large genetic differentiation (Fst values 0.01-0.32). In this comparison, the correlation between geographical and genetic distance was absent, leading to founder effects and human impact on cat population structure and dispersion being considered as important parameters. When an accurate estimation of feline haplotype distribution is required in forensics, care should be taken when deciding whether extrapolating the frequency data from a certain source to a larger area (country/continent) is justified or whether additional typing of local populations is necessary. This may differ from case to case as local frequencies can be relevant, but can also be deceitful. To improve the applicability of forensic feline mitochondrial DNA studies, documentation and publishing of sampling strategies is advised, as is the implementation of measures to help eliminate potentially erroneous haplotypes.
对猫科动物线粒体控制区不同部分进行分型，结果表明来自荷兰的猫与世界其他地区的猫在单倍型分布上存在显著差异。为了更好地了解欧洲西北部大陆的单倍型分布情况，对从荷兰（N = 146）、比利时（N = 64）和德国西南部（N = 128）随机选取的猫的605bp线粒体DNA进行了分型。这些随机抽样的欧洲种群之间的遗传差异与地理距离相关，荷兰和德国西南部的种群相距最远，比利时种群处于中间位置（Fst值为0.01 - 0.03）。将欧洲西北部大陆的分布与已发表的猫科动物线粒体单倍型分布进行比较，结果显示存在中度到较大的遗传分化（Fst值为0.01 - 0.32）。在这种比较中，地理距离与遗传距离之间不存在相关性，这使得奠基者效应以及人类对猫种群结构和扩散的影响被视为重要参数。在法医学中，当需要准确估计猫的单倍型分布时，在决定将某一来源的频率数据外推到更大区域（国家/大陆）是否合理，或者是否有必要对当地种群进行额外分型时，应谨慎行事。由于当地频率可能相关，但也可能具有欺骗性，所以具体情况可能因案例而异。为了提高法医猫线粒体DNA研究的适用性，建议记录和公布抽样策略，并采取措施帮助消除潜在的错误单倍型。
