Białkowska Aneta M, Morawski Krzysztof, Florczak Tomasz
Institute of Technical Biochemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego Street 4/10, 90-924, Lodz, Poland.
J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol. 2017 Sep;44(9):1325-1342. doi: 10.1007/s10295-017-1961-9. Epub 2017 Jun 23.
The objective of this review is to outline the crucial role that peptides play in various sectors, including medicine. Different ways of producing these compounds are discussed with an emphasis on the benefits offered by industrial enzyme biotechnology. This paper describes mechanisms of peptide bond formation using a range of proteases with different active site structures. Importantly, these enzymes may be further improved chemically and/or genetically to make them better suited for their various applications and process conditions. The focus is on extremophilic proteases, whose potential does not seem to have been fully appreciated to date. The structure of these proteins is somewhat different from that of the common commercially available enzymes, making them effective at high salinity and high or low temperatures, which are often favorable to peptide synthesis. Examples of such enzymes include halophilic, thermophilic, and psychrophilic proteases; this paper also mentions some promising catalytic proteins which require further study in this respect.
本综述的目的是概述肽在包括医学在内的各个领域所起的关键作用。文中讨论了生产这些化合物的不同方法，并重点强调了工业酶生物技术所带来的益处。本文描述了使用一系列具有不同活性位点结构的蛋白酶形成肽键的机制。重要的是，这些酶可以通过化学和/或基因方法进一步改良，使其更适合各种应用和工艺条件。重点是嗜极端蛋白酶，其潜力至今似乎尚未得到充分认识。这些蛋白质的结构与常见的市售酶有所不同，这使得它们在高盐度以及高温或低温条件下都能有效发挥作用，而这些条件通常有利于肽的合成。此类酶的例子包括嗜盐、嗜热和嗜冷蛋白酶；本文还提到了一些在这方面需要进一步研究的有前景的催化蛋白。
