Rathi Siddarth, Tsui Edmund, Mehta Nitish, Zahid Sarwar, Schuman Joel S
Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.
New York University (NYU) Langone Eye Center, NYU Langone Medical Center, Department of Ophthalmology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, New York.
Ophthalmology. 2017 Dec;124(12):1729-1734. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2017.05.026. Epub 2017 Jun 21.
Telemedicine services facilitate the evaluation, diagnosis, and management of the remote patient. Telemedicine has rapidly flourished in the United States and has improved access to care, outcomes, and patient satisfaction. However, the use of telemedicine in ophthalmology is currently in its infancy and has yet to gain wide acceptance. Current models of telemedicine in ophthalmology are largely performed via "store and forward" methods, but remote monitoring and interactive modalities exist. Although studies have examined the effects of telemedicine, few reports have characterized its current status. We perform a descriptive analysis of the current state of teleophthalmology in the United States. We describe the use of teleophthalmology in the hospital and outpatient settings. We also review the applications to retinopathy of prematurity, diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and glaucoma, as well as anticipated barriers and hurdles for the future adoption of teleophthalmology. With ongoing advances in teleophthalmology, these models may provide earlier detection and more reliable monitoring of vision-threatening diseases.
远程医疗服务有助于对远程患者进行评估、诊断和管理。远程医疗在美国迅速蓬勃发展，改善了医疗服务的可及性、治疗效果和患者满意度。然而，远程医疗在眼科领域的应用目前尚处于起步阶段，尚未得到广泛认可。当前眼科远程医疗模式主要通过“存储转发”方法进行，但也存在远程监测和交互式模式。尽管已有研究探讨了远程医疗的效果，但很少有报告描述其当前状况。我们对美国眼科远程医疗的现状进行了描述性分析。我们描述了眼科远程医疗在医院和门诊环境中的应用情况。我们还回顾了其在早产儿视网膜病变、糖尿病视网膜病变、年龄相关性黄斑变性和青光眼方面的应用，以及未来采用眼科远程医疗预计会遇到的障碍和困难。随着眼科远程医疗的不断进步，这些模式可能会实现对威胁视力疾病的早期检测和更可靠的监测。
