Khan Numan, Marvel Francoise A, Wang Jane, Martin Seth S
Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, 600 N Wolfe St, Carnegie 591, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
Curr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med. 2017 Aug;19(8):60. doi: 10.1007/s11936-017-0560-4.
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide with an estimated 17.5 million deaths annually, or 31% of all global deaths, according to the World Health Organization. The majority of these deaths are preventable by addressing lifestyle modification (i.e., smoking cessation, diet, obesity, and physical inactivity) and promoting medication adherence. At present, initiatives to develop cost-effective modalities to support self-management, lifestyle modification, and medication adherence are a leading priority. Digital health has rapidly emerged as technology with the potential to address this gap in cardiovascular disease self-management and transform the way healthcare has been traditionally delivered. However, limited evidence exists about the type of technologies available and how they differ in functionality, effectiveness, and application. We aimed to review the most important and relevant recent studies addressing health technologies to promote lifestyle change and medication adherence including text messaging, applications ("apps"), and wearable devices. The current literature indicates that digital health technologies will likely play a prominent role in future cardiovascular disease management, risk reduction, and delivery of care in both resource-rich and resource-limited settings. However, there is limited large-scale evidence to support adoption of existing interventions. Further clinical research and healthcare policy change are needed to move the promise of new digital health technologies towards reality.
根据世界卫生组织的数据，心血管疾病是全球发病和死亡的主要原因，每年估计有1750万人死亡，占全球总死亡人数的31%。通过改变生活方式（即戒烟、饮食、肥胖和缺乏运动）以及促进药物依从性，这些死亡中的大多数是可以预防的。目前，开发具有成本效益的方式以支持自我管理、生活方式改变和药物依从性的举措是首要任务。数字健康已迅速崛起，成为一种有潜力填补心血管疾病自我管理差距并改变传统医疗服务方式的技术。然而，关于现有技术的类型以及它们在功能、有效性和应用方面的差异，证据有限。我们旨在回顾近期关于促进生活方式改变和药物依从性的健康技术的最重要和相关研究，包括短信、应用程序（“应用”）和可穿戴设备。当前文献表明，数字健康技术可能在未来心血管疾病管理、风险降低以及资源丰富和资源有限环境中的医疗服务提供方面发挥重要作用。然而，支持采用现有干预措施的大规模证据有限。需要进一步的临床研究和医疗政策变革，以使新数字健康技术的前景变为现实。
