Gatti P J, Dias Souza J, Taveira Da Silva A M, Quest J A, Gillis R A
Brain Res. 1985 Oct 28;346(1):115-23. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(85)91100-x.
The purpose of our study was to determine the cardiorespiratory effects of exciting cell bodies of the area postrema of the cat. This was accomplished by local application of L-glutamic acid (bilateral application of 5 microliter of a 250-1000 mM solution) and kainic acid (bilateral application of 5 microliter of a 40 mM solution) to the area postrema of chloralose-anesthetized cats while monitoring arterial pressure, heart rate, tidal volume and respiratory rate. These excitatory amino acids activate neuronal cell bodies but not axons of passage. L-Glutamic acid produced a dose-dependent increase in arterial pressure, decreases in respiratory rate and minute volume and, occasionally, ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Kainic acid produced effects similar to those seen with L-glutamic acid except the changes in respiratory activity were more pronounced with each animal exhibiting respiratory arrest. In artificially respired animals, kainic acid produced similar cardiovascular changes as those occurring in spontaneously breathing animals (i.e. increases in arterial pressure of 61 +/- 5.7 mm Hg, and in heart rate of 32 +/- 8.3 beats/min). Finally, application of kainic acid to the area postrema abolished the pressor and tachycardic responses to bilateral occlusion of the carotid arteries. These results suggest that activation of cell bodies in the area postrema can result in pronounced cardiorespiratory changes.
我们研究的目的是确定刺激猫最后区细胞体对心肺的影响。这是通过将L-谷氨酸（双侧应用5微升250 - 1000 mM溶液）和 kainic 酸（双侧应用5微升40 mM溶液）局部应用于水合氯醛麻醉猫的最后区来实现的，同时监测动脉血压、心率、潮气量和呼吸频率。这些兴奋性氨基酸激活神经元细胞体而非传导轴突。L-谷氨酸使动脉血压呈剂量依赖性升高，呼吸频率和每分通气量降低，偶尔还会出现室性快速心律失常。Kainic 酸产生的效应与L-谷氨酸相似，只是呼吸活动的变化更明显，每只动物均出现呼吸停止。在人工呼吸的动物中，kainic 酸产生的心血管变化与自主呼吸动物相似（即动脉血压升高61±5.7 mmHg，心率增加32±8.3次/分钟）。最后，将kainic 酸应用于最后区消除了对双侧颈动脉闭塞的升压和心动过速反应。这些结果表明，最后区细胞体的激活可导致明显的心肺变化。
