Cusimano Michael D, Topolovec-Vranic Jane, Zhang Stanley, Mullen Sarah J, Wong Mattew, Ilie Gabriela
*Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Injury Prevention Research Office, Keenan Research Center, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada;†On behalf of the Canadian Brain Injury and Violence Research Team;‡Trauma and Neurosurgery Program, Keenan Research Center of the Li KaShing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada; and§Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Clin J Sport Med. 2017 Jul;27(4):375-380. doi: 10.1097/JSM.0000000000000372.
The present study is to identify factors contributing to underreporting of concussion in adolescent athletes.
Qualitative interviews.
Participants were interviewed in an office environment.
Interviews were conducted with 31 minor hockey players, 10 parents, 6 coaches, 4 trainers, 2 managers, and one game official. Players were 13 to 15 year old. With selective sampling, an inductive approach of analyzing the interviews was undertaken and themes were identified and analyzed.
Underreporting is a complex phenomenon. A number of risk factors related to hockey culture, players, reference others, and rules of play were assessed.
Reasons not reporting concussion is accepted in minor hockey.
Aspects of hockey culture such as an overemphasis on winning games and upheld misperceptions about the risks associated with concussion were identified as relevant to the underreporting of concussions. Various factors relevant to the underreporting of concussions include player's motivation to win, group membership dynamics such as a player's role as the team's "enforcer," coaches' own motivation to win to further their own opportunities in the sport, and parents' personal financial interest or alternative agenda in terms of time commitments and their child's future career prospects.
Our findings indicate that underreporting of concussion among those players interviewed appears to be prevalent and associated with misconceptions about injury risk, and a culture that both reinforces and encourages underreporting with tacit or overt complicity of parents and coaches. Our findings support the need to alter the culture of violence and tough play in hockey by education, rule changes, economic measures, and changes in governance of the sport. Interviewing more stakeholders and policy makers would shed light on such potential interventions.
本研究旨在确定导致青少年运动员脑震荡报告不足的因素。
定性访谈。
在办公室环境中对参与者进行访谈。
对31名青少年曲棍球运动员、10名家长、6名教练、4名训练员、2名经理和1名比赛官员进行了访谈。运动员年龄在13至15岁之间。采用选择性抽样，对访谈进行归纳分析，确定并分析主题。
报告不足是一个复杂的现象。评估了一些与曲棍球文化、运动员、参照他人以及比赛规则相关的风险因素。
在青少年曲棍球运动中不报告脑震荡的原因。
曲棍球文化的一些方面，如过度强调赢得比赛以及对与脑震荡相关风险的错误认知，被确定与脑震荡报告不足有关。与脑震荡报告不足相关的各种因素包括运动员的求胜动机、团队成员动态，如运动员作为球队“执行者”的角色、教练自身的求胜动机以提升其在这项运动中的个人机会，以及家长在时间投入和孩子未来职业前景方面的个人经济利益或其他议程。
我们的研究结果表明，在接受访谈的这些运动员中，脑震荡报告不足似乎很普遍，并且与对受伤风险的误解以及一种在家长和教练的默许或公然共谋下强化和鼓励报告不足的文化有关。我们的研究结果支持通过教育、规则改变、经济措施以及体育管理变革来改变曲棍球运动中暴力和强硬比赛文化的必要性。访谈更多的利益相关者和政策制定者将有助于揭示此类潜在干预措施。
