Coupling Timing of Interventions With Dose to Optimize Plasticity and Participation in Pediatric Neurologic Populations.

The purpose of this article is to propose that coupling of timing of interventions with dosing of interventions optimizes plasticity and participation in pediatric neurologic conditions, specifically cerebral palsy. Dosing includes frequency, intensity, time per session, and type of intervention. Interventions focus on body structures and function and activity and participation, and both are explored. Known parameters for promoting bone, muscle, and brain plasticity and evidence supporting critical periods of growth during development are reviewed. Although parameters for dosing participation are not yet established, emerging evidence suggests that participation at high intensities has the potential for change. Participation interventions may provide an additional avenue to promote change through the life span. Recommendations for research and clinical practice are presented to stimulate discussions and innovations in research and practice.