Uchida Kunitoshi, Dezaki Katsuya, Yoneshiro Takeshi, Watanabe Tatsuo, Yamazaki Jun, Saito Masayuki, Yada Toshihiko, Tominaga Makoto, Iwasaki Yusaku
Division of Cell Signaling, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Biosciences (National Institute for Physiological Sciences), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan.
Department of Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI (The University of Advanced Studies), 38 Nishigounaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8585, Japan.
J Physiol Sci. 2017 Sep;67(5):549-560. doi: 10.1007/s12576-017-0552-x. Epub 2017 Jun 27.
To date, 11 thermosensitive transient receptor potential (thermo-TRP) channels have been identified. Recent studies have characterized the mechanism of thermosensing by thermo-TRPs and the physiological role of thermo-TRPs in energy metabolism. In this review, we highlight the role of various thermo-TRPs in energy metabolism and hormone secretion. In the pancreas, TRPM2 and other TRPs regulate insulin secretion. TRPV2 expressed in brown adipocytes contributes to differentiation and/or thermogenesis. Sensory nerves that express TRPV1 promote increased energy expenditure by activating sympathetic nerves and adrenaline secretion. Here, we first show that capsaicin-induced adrenaline secretion is completely impaired in TRPV1 knockout mice. The thermogenic effects of TRPV1 agonists are attributable to brown adipose tissue (BAT) activation in mice and humans. Moreover, TRPA1- and TRPM8-expressing sensory nerves also contribute to potentiation of BAT thermogenesis and energy expenditure in mice. Together, thermo-TRPs are promising targets for combating obesity and metabolic disorders.
迄今为止，已鉴定出11种热敏瞬时受体电位（thermo-TRP）通道。最近的研究已经阐明了thermo-TRP的热敏机制及其在能量代谢中的生理作用。在本综述中，我们重点介绍了各种thermo-TRP在能量代谢和激素分泌中的作用。在胰腺中，TRPM2和其他TRP调节胰岛素分泌。棕色脂肪细胞中表达的TRPV2有助于细胞分化和/或产热。表达TRPV1的感觉神经通过激活交感神经和促进肾上腺素分泌来增加能量消耗。在此，我们首先表明，辣椒素诱导的肾上腺素分泌在TRPV1基因敲除小鼠中完全受损。TRPV1激动剂的产热作用归因于小鼠和人类棕色脂肪组织（BAT）的激活。此外，表达TRPA1和TRPM8的感觉神经也有助于增强小鼠BAT的产热和能量消耗。总之，thermo-TRP是对抗肥胖和代谢紊乱的有前景的靶点。
