Nair Vineeth G, Kiran H S, Shanthala P R
Junior Resident, Department of Pathology, Yenepoya Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Yenepoya Medical College, Mangalore, Mangalore, India.
J Clin Diagn Res. 2017 May;11(5):ED09-ED11. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2017/24892.9781. Epub 2017 May 1.
Germ Cell Tumours (GCTs) in children are uncommon, constituting approximately only 3% of all malignancies in children younger than 15 years of age. Primary extragonadal GCTs constitute only 1-5% of all GCTs and a retroperitoneal site is seen only in 4% of all extragonadal GCTs. Extragonadal GCTs arise from local transformation of primordial germ cells which have been misplaced during the migration of these cells through the midline dorsal mesentery in the fourth-sixth week of embryogenesis. GCTs in children show remarkable variability in age, site, presentation and histology. This is the case of a three-year-old male child who presented with a history of an abdominal swelling which was rapidly progressive in nature. Radiology showed a large retroperitoneal mass and lesions in the liver. Histopathology, immunohistochemistry and serum Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) values confirmed a diagnosis of pure primary extragonadal yolk sac tumour.
儿童生殖细胞肿瘤（GCTs）并不常见，在15岁以下儿童的所有恶性肿瘤中约仅占3%。原发性性腺外GCTs仅占所有GCTs的1 - 5%，而腹膜后部位仅见于所有性腺外GCTs的4%。性腺外GCTs起源于原始生殖细胞的局部转化，这些细胞在胚胎发育第四至六周通过中线背侧系膜迁移过程中位置发生错误。儿童GCTs在年龄、部位、表现和组织学方面表现出显著的变异性。本文报道了一名3岁男童，有腹部肿块病史，肿块性质为快速进展性。影像学检查显示腹膜后有一个大肿块以及肝脏有病变。组织病理学、免疫组织化学检查和血清甲胎蛋白（AFP）值确诊为单纯原发性性腺外卵黄囊瘤。
