Richaud Maria C, Lemos Viviana N, Mesurado Belen, Oros Laura
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasBuenos Aires, Argentina.
Centro de Investigaciones en Psicología y Ciencias Afines, Universidad Adventista del PlataLibertador San Martin, Argentina.
Front Psychol. 2017 Jun 13;8:979. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00979. eCollection 2017.
Empathy is a basic socio-emotional process of human development that involves the ability to perceive, share, and understand the emotional states of others. This process is essential to successful social functioning. However, despite its significance, empathy has been difficult to define and measure, particularly when incorporating both its emotional and cognitive aspects. The purpose of this study was to develop an Empathy Questionnaire for children aged 9-12 years based on a model of social cognitive neuroscience and to analyze its construct validity and reliability. This questionnaire aimed to integrate the following aspects: , and studies were conducted. Study 1 evaluated the discriminative power of the items and studied the underlying structure of the instrument using exploratory factor analysis. In Study 2, confirmatory factor analysis was performed to test the model obtained. Finally, the goal of Study 3 was to analyze the convergent and discriminant validity of the questionnaire and the internal consistency of its dimensions. The final version of the instrument contained 15 items that operationalized the previously listed dimensions. The results of the 3 studies indicated that the questionnaire had good validity and reliability. This study has important implications for research and clinical practice. Given its simplicity and brevity, this new self-report scale may work well as a screening method to evaluate the key psychological issues underlying numerous child behaviors that predict the success or failure of social relationships, individual quality of life, and mental well-being.
同理心是人类发展的一种基本社会情感过程，涉及感知、分享和理解他人情绪状态的能力。这一过程对于成功的社会功能至关重要。然而，尽管其意义重大，但同理心一直难以定义和衡量，尤其是在将其情感和认知方面都纳入考量时。本研究的目的是基于社会认知神经科学模型开发一份针对9至12岁儿童的同理心问卷，并分析其结构效度和信度。该问卷旨在整合以下几个方面： ，并开展了多项研究。研究1评估了各个条目的区分能力，并使用探索性因素分析研究了该工具的潜在结构。在研究2中，进行了验证性因素分析以检验所得模型。最后，研究3的目标是分析该问卷的聚合效度和区分效度及其维度的内部一致性。该工具的最终版本包含15个条目，这些条目将上述列出的维度进行了操作化处理。这三项研究的结果表明该问卷具有良好的效度和信度。本研究对研究和临床实践具有重要意义。鉴于其简单性和简洁性，这种新的自我报告量表作为一种筛查方法，可能很好地用于评估众多儿童行为背后的关键心理问题，这些行为预示着社会关系的成败、个人生活质量和心理健康状况。
