Overgaauw Sandy, Rieffe Carolien, Broekhof Evelien, Crone Eveline A, Güroğlu Berna
Institute of Psychology, Leiden UniversityLeiden, Netherlands.
Leiden Institute for Brain and CognitionLeiden, Netherlands.
Front Psychol. 2017 May 29;8:870. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00870. eCollection 2017.
Empathy plays a crucial role in healthy social functioning and in maintaining positive social relationships. In this study, 1250 children and adolescents (10-15 year olds) completed the newly developed Empathy Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents (EmQue-CA) that was tested on reliability, construct validity, convergent validity, and concurrent validity. The EmQue-CA aims to assess empathy using the following scales: , and . A Principal Components Analysis, which was directly tested with a Confirmatory Factor Analysis, confirmed the proposed three-factor model resulting in 14 final items. Reliability analyses demonstrated high internal consistency of the scales. Furthermore, the scales showed high convergent validity, as they were positively correlated with related scales of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (Davis, 1983). With regard to concurrent validity, higher empathy was related to more attention to others' emotions, higher friendship quality, less focus on own affective state, and lower levels of bullying behavior. Taken together, we show that the EmQue-CA is a reliable and valid instrument to measure empathy in typically developing children and adolescents aged 10 and older.
同理心在健康的社会功能以及维持积极的社会关系中起着至关重要的作用。在本研究中，1250名儿童和青少年（10至15岁）完成了新开发的《儿童和青少年同理心问卷》（EmQue-CA），该问卷进行了信度、结构效度、聚合效度和同时效度测试。EmQue-CA旨在使用以下量表评估同理心： ，以及 。主成分分析通过验证性因素分析直接进行测试，证实了所提出的三因素模型，最终得到14个项目。信度分析表明量表具有较高的内部一致性。此外，这些量表显示出较高的聚合效度，因为它们与人际反应指数（戴维斯，1983年）的相关量表呈正相关。关于同时效度，较高的同理心与更多关注他人情绪、更高的友谊质量、更少关注自身情感状态以及更低的欺凌行为水平相关。综上所述，我们表明EmQue-CA是一种可靠且有效的工具，可用于测量10岁及以上正常发育的儿童和青少年的同理心。
