Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0417.
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2018 Jul 2;10(7):a029496. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a029496.
Development of optimal vaccines for influenza is challenging, in part as a result of the high antigenic variability in field strains associated with genetic shift from reassortment and genetic drift from point mutations. Discovery of conserved antigenic sites on the hemagglutinin (HA) protein for neutralizing antibodies suggested the possibility that influenza vaccines could be developed that induce focused antibody responses to the conserved neutralizing determinants, especially the HA stem region. Recent studies have focused on the antigenicity and immunogenicity of such domains, using monoclonal antibodies and candidate-engineered HA stem-based vaccines. Much progress has been made, but we still do not fully understand the biology of the immune response to this unique antigenic region.
开发针对流感的最佳疫苗具有挑战性,部分原因是与基因重配引起的抗原漂移和点突变引起的遗传漂移相关的田间分离株的高抗原变异性。在血凝素 (HA) 蛋白上发现针对中和抗体的保守抗原表位表明,有可能开发出能够诱导针对保守中和决定簇的集中抗体反应的流感疫苗,特别是 HA 茎区。最近的研究集中在这些结构域的抗原性和免疫原性上,使用单克隆抗体和候选工程化的基于 HA 茎的疫苗。已经取得了很大进展,但我们仍然不完全了解针对这一独特抗原区域的免疫反应的生物学。