W. K. Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, MI 49060, USA.
Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
Science. 2017 Jun 30;356(6345). doi: 10.1126/science.aal2324.
Cellulosic crops are projected to provide a large fraction of transportation energy needs by mid-century. However, the anticipated land requirements are substantial, which creates a potential for environmental harm if trade-offs are not sufficiently well understood to create appropriately prescriptive policy. Recent empirical findings show that cellulosic bioenergy concerns related to climate mitigation, biodiversity, reactive nitrogen loss, and crop water use can be addressed with appropriate crop, placement, and management choices. In particular, growing native perennial species on marginal lands not currently farmed provides substantial potential for climate mitigation and other benefits.
到本世纪中叶，纤维素作物有望提供大量的交通运输能源。然而，如果对权衡取舍的理解不够充分，无法制定适当的规定性政策，那么预计的土地需求就相当大，这可能会对环境造成损害。最近的实证研究结果表明，通过选择适当的作物、种植地点和管理方式，可以解决与纤维素生物能源相关的气候变化缓解、生物多样性、活性氮流失和作物耗水等问题。具体而言，在目前未耕种的边缘土地上种植本地多年生物种，为气候变化缓解和其他效益提供了巨大的潜力。
