Reimschisel Tyler, Herring Anna L, Huang Jennifer, Minor Tara J
a Department of Pediatrics , Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville , TN , USA.
b Peabody College of Education and Human Development , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , TN , USA.
Med Teach. 2017 Dec;39(12):1227-1237. doi: 10.1080/0142159X.2017.1340636. Epub 2017 Jun 30.
Summarize the published literature on team-based learning (TBL) in health professions education (HPE) using the TBL conceptual framework to identify gaps that can guide future research Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, ERIC, and Google Scholar were searched through May 2016 for English-language articles regarding the use of TBL in HPE. Reviewers independently extracted data and coded for the seven elements in Michaelsen's Model of TBL.
A total of 118 articles met inclusion criteria. The number of articles published yearly on TBL has grown steadily, more than tripling between 2011 and 2016. Most studies (55; 47%) involved undergraduate medical students and took place in the US (72; 61%). The most commonly studied framework component was Teacher and Learner Attitudes (97; 82%). Other commonly studied elements included Learning Outcomes (85; 72%) and Team Characteristics (25; 21%). Contextual Factors affecting TBL was addressed in one study.
A substantial body of literature examines the effect that TBL has on traditional measures of achievement. However, many dimensions of TBL have not been well studied, including Teacher Decisions about TBL, Contextual Factors that affect TBL, Learners' Engagement, and Pattern of Engagement within Teams. Future research in these areas could determine the best use of TBL in HPE.
运用基于团队的学习（TBL）概念框架，总结健康职业教育（HPE）中关于TBL的已发表文献，以识别可指导未来研究的差距。方法：检索截至2016年5月的PubMed、科学网、教育资源信息中心（ERIC）和谷歌学术，查找关于TBL在HPE中应用的英文文章。评审人员独立提取数据，并根据迈克尔森TBL模型中的七个要素进行编码。
共有118篇文章符合纳入标准。每年发表的关于TBL的文章数量稳步增长，2011年至2016年间增长了两倍多。大多数研究（55项；47%）涉及本科医学生，且在美国进行（72项；61%）。研究最普遍的框架组成部分是教师和学习者态度（97项；82%）。其他常见的研究要素包括学习成果（85项；72%）和团队特征（25项；21%）。有一项研究探讨了影响TBL的情境因素。
大量文献研究了TBL对传统成绩衡量指标的影响。然而，TBL的许多方面尚未得到充分研究，包括教师关于TBL的决策、影响TBL的情境因素、学习者的参与度以及团队内部的参与模式。这些领域的未来研究可以确定TBL在HPE中的最佳应用方式。
