Rodríguez-Ruiz Alejandro, Agasthya Greeshma A, Sechopoulos Ioannis
Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
Phys Med Biol. 2017 Aug 7;62(17):6920-6937. doi: 10.1088/1361-6560/aa7cd0.
To characterize and develop a patient-based 3D model of the compressed breast undergoing mammography and breast tomosynthesis. During this IRB-approved, HIPAA-compliant study, 50 women were recruited to undergo 3D breast surface imaging with structured light (SL) during breast compression, along with simultaneous acquisition of a tomosynthesis image. A pair of SL systems were used to acquire 3D surface images by projecting 24 different patterns onto the compressed breast and capturing their reflection off the breast surface in approximately 12-16 s. The 3D surface was characterized and modeled via principal component analysis. The resulting surface model was combined with a previously developed 2D model of projected compressed breast shapes to generate a full 3D model. Data from ten patients were discarded due to technical problems during image acquisition. The maximum breast thickness (found at the chest-wall) had an average value of 56 mm, and decreased 13% towards the nipple (breast tilt angle of 5.2°). The portion of the breast not in contact with the compression paddle or the support table extended on average 17 mm, 18% of the chest-wall to nipple distance. The outermost point along the breast surface lies below the midline of the total thickness. A complete 3D model of compressed breast shapes was created and implemented as a software application available for download, capable of generating new random realistic 3D shapes of breasts undergoing compression. Accurate characterization and modeling of the breast curvature and shape was achieved and will be used for various image processing and clinical tasks.
构建并开发基于患者的乳腺钼靶摄影和乳腺断层合成检查时受压乳房的三维模型。在这项经机构审查委员会（IRB）批准且符合健康保险流通与责任法案（HIPAA）的研究中，招募了50名女性，在乳房压迫期间采用结构光（SL）进行三维乳房表面成像，并同时采集断层合成图像。使用一对SL系统，通过将24种不同图案投射到受压乳房上，并在大约12 - 16秒内捕捉其从乳房表面的反射，来获取三维表面图像。通过主成分分析对三维表面进行特征提取和建模。将所得的表面模型与先前开发的受压乳房投影二维模型相结合，生成完整的三维模型。由于图像采集过程中的技术问题，十名患者的数据被舍弃。乳房最大厚度（在胸壁处测得）的平均值为56毫米，朝着乳头方向厚度减少了13%（乳房倾斜角度为5.2°）。乳房未与压迫板或支撑台接触的部分平均延伸17毫米，占胸壁到乳头距离的18%。乳房表面最外侧点位于总厚度中线以下。创建了受压乳房形状的完整三维模型，并将其作为可下载的软件应用程序实现，该程序能够生成受压乳房的新随机逼真三维形状。实现了对乳房曲率和形状的精确特征提取和建模，这将用于各种图像处理和临床任务。
