Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, United States.
Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, United States; Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, University of California, Los Angeles, United States.
Brain Behav Immun. 2017 Nov;66:146-155. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.06.015. Epub 2017 Jun 28.
Both early adversity and depression are associated with heightened inflammation. However, few studies have focused on inflammatory reactivity to psychosocial stress and examined adiposity as a potential moderator. Yet, repeated heightened inflammatory reactivity over time is thought to contribute to low-grade chronic inflammation and adipose tissue is a key source of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether early adversity and depressive symptoms were related to stress-induced inflammation and whether these associations varied by total body and abdominal adiposity as measured by body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) in a sample of late adolescents. Participants reported on their early family environment and current depressive symptoms, had their height, weight, and WC assessed for adiposity markers, and provided blood samples for IL-6 assessment before and after a standardized laboratory stress task. No main effect of early adversity on IL-6 reactivity to acute stress was observed. However, significant interactions between early adversity and BMI and WC emerged. Greater exposure to early adversity was associated with greater IL-6 responses only among adolescents with higher BMI or WC. The same pattern of findings was observed for depressive symptoms. Additionally, moderated mediation analyses indicated that among adolescents with greater adiposity, early adversity indirectly influenced IL-6 reactivity via current depressive symptoms. These findings contribute to our understanding of vulnerability factors that may amplify the associations between early adversity and depressive symptoms and inflammation during relatively early stages of life.
早期逆境和抑郁都与炎症反应增强有关。然而，很少有研究关注心理社会应激下的炎症反应，并研究肥胖作为潜在的调节因素。然而，随着时间的推移，反复出现的炎症反应增强被认为是导致低度慢性炎症的原因，而脂肪组织是促炎细胞因子的主要来源。本研究的目的是探讨早期逆境和抑郁症状是否与应激引起的炎症有关，以及这些关联是否因体重指数（BMI）和腰围（WC）等身体和腹部肥胖的总指标而有所不同。在一项对晚期青少年的研究中，参与者报告了他们的早期家庭环境和当前的抑郁症状，评估了他们的身高、体重和 WC 以确定肥胖标志物，并在进行标准化实验室应激任务前后提供了血液样本以评估 IL-6。早期逆境对急性应激时 IL-6 反应性没有主要影响。然而，早期逆境与 BMI 和 WC 之间出现了显著的相互作用。只有在 BMI 或 WC 较高的青少年中，早期逆境的暴露与更大的 IL-6 反应相关。抑郁症状也出现了同样的发现模式。此外，调节中介分析表明，在肥胖程度较高的青少年中，早期逆境通过当前的抑郁症状间接影响 IL-6 反应性。这些发现有助于我们理解易感性因素，这些因素可能会放大早期逆境和抑郁症状与炎症之间的关联，尤其是在生命的早期阶段。
