Chiang Jessica J, Bower Julienne E, Almeida David M, Irwin Michael R, Seeman Teresa E, Fuligni Andrew J
From the Departments of Psychology (Chiang, Bower, Irwin, Fuligni) and Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences (Bower, Irwin, Fuligni), Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology (Bower, Irwin), David Geffen School of Medicine (Irwin), and Division of Geriatrics (Seeman), University of California, Los Angeles, California; and Department of Human Development and Family Studies (Almeida), Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania.
Psychosom Med. 2015 Apr;77(3):256-66. doi: 10.1097/PSY.0000000000000160.
To assess the relation between socioeconomic status (SES) and inflammation during adolescence and determine whether daily affective and social experiences across a 15-day period mediate this relation.
Adolescents (n = 316) completed daily diary reports of positive affect, negative affect, and negative social interactions for 15 days and provided whole blood spot samples for the assessment of C-reactive protein (CRP). Parents provided information on SES, including the highest level of education they and their spouses completed and household income.
Lower parent education was associated with higher levels of adolescent CRP, controlling for age, sex, ethnicity, and body mass index (β = -.12, p = .031). Mean daily positive affect, negative affect, and negative social interactions were examined as potential mediators of this association. In these models, parent education was no longer associated with adolescent CRP (β = -.09, p = .12), and only positive affect was related to CRP (β = -.12, p = .025). Bootstrapping confirmed the mediating role of positive affect (indirect effect = -0.015, 95% confidence interval = -0.038 to -0.002).
Adolescents with less educated parents tended to have higher levels of CRP, which may be explained by their lower levels of positive affect. Findings suggest that a lack of positive affect may be a pathway by which SES confers early risk for poor health in adulthood. It is possible that adolescents who display positive affect during daily life in circumstances of relatively adverse socioeconomic circumstances may have better health outcomes related to lower inflammatory factors.
评估社会经济地位（SES）与青少年炎症之间的关系，并确定在15天内的日常情感和社交经历是否介导了这种关系。
青少年（n = 316）连续15天完成关于积极情感、消极情感和消极社交互动的每日日记报告，并提供全血斑点样本用于评估C反应蛋白（CRP）。父母提供有关SES的信息，包括他们自己及其配偶完成的最高教育水平和家庭收入。
在控制年龄、性别、种族和体重指数后，较低的父母教育水平与青少年较高的CRP水平相关（β = -0.12，p = 0.031）。将平均每日积极情感、消极情感和消极社交互动作为这种关联的潜在中介因素进行检验。在这些模型中，父母教育水平不再与青少年CRP相关（β = -0.09，p = 0.12），只有积极情感与CRP相关（β = -0.12，p = 0.025）。自抽样法证实了积极情感的中介作用（间接效应 = -0.015，95%置信区间 = -0.038至 -0.002）。
父母教育程度较低的青少年往往具有较高的CRP水平，这可能由他们较低的积极情感水平来解释。研究结果表明，缺乏积极情感可能是SES赋予成年期健康不良早期风险的一条途径。在相对不利的社会经济环境中，日常生活中表现出积极情感的青少年可能因较低的炎症因素而有更好的健康结果。
