1 Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Brockton, MA, USA.
2 Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA.
J Appl Gerontol. 2019 Jan;38(1):92-111. doi: 10.1177/0733464817716970. Epub 2017 Jul 1.
Direct care workers (e.g., certified nursing assistants [CNAs]) employed in long-term care (LTC) are particularly vulnerable to the experience of burnout, yet they have received relatively less research attention compared to Licensed Practical Nurses and Registered Nurses. Within the burnout literature, evidence suggests that the deployment of certain coping strategies influences levels of burnout. The current study examined the extent to which coping (e.g., problem-focused, emotion-focused, and dysfunctional coping) and cognitive emotion regulation strategies (e.g., positive reappraisal) predicted burnout after controlling for covariates (age, sleep duration). Fifty-six CNAs were surveyed at four skilled nursing facilities in the United States. Dysfunctional coping was significantly associated with emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. Among cognitive emotion regulation strategies, positive reappraisal was significantly associated with depersonalization. Shorter sleep duration was associated with significantly greater depersonalization. Findings suggest the need to develop interventions for CNAs aimed at reducing dysfunctional coping strategies and increasing sleep duration.
直接护理人员（例如，注册护士助理 [CNAs]）在长期护理（LTC）中特别容易出现倦怠，但与执业护士和注册护士相比，他们受到的研究关注相对较少。在倦怠文献中，有证据表明，某些应对策略的运用会影响倦怠水平。本研究在控制协变量（年龄、睡眠时间）后，考察了应对方式（如问题焦点应对、情绪焦点应对和功能失调应对）和认知情绪调节策略（如积极的重新评价）对倦怠的预测程度。在美国的四个熟练护理设施中对 56 名 CNAs 进行了调查。功能失调的应对方式与情绪衰竭和去人性化显著相关。在认知情绪调节策略中，积极的重新评价与去人性化显著相关。睡眠时间越短，去人性化程度越高。研究结果表明，需要为 CNAs 制定干预措施，旨在减少功能失调的应对策略和增加睡眠时间。
