School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Regent Court, 30 Regent Street, Sheffield, S1 4DA, UK.
Pharmacoeconomics. 2017 Oct;35(10):989-1006. doi: 10.1007/s40273-017-0533-1.
The objective of this article was to conduct a systematic review of published research on the use of discrete event simulation (DES) for resource modelling (RM) in health technology assessment (HTA). RM is broadly defined as incorporating and measuring effects of constraints on physical resources (e.g. beds, doctors, nurses) in HTA models.
Systematic literature searches were conducted in academic databases (JSTOR, SAGE, SPRINGER, SCOPUS, IEEE, Science Direct, PubMed, EMBASE) and grey literature (Google Scholar, NHS journal library), enhanced by manual searchers (i.e. reference list checking, citation searching and hand-searching techniques).
The search strategy yielded 4117 potentially relevant citations. Following the screening and manual searches, ten articles were included. Reviewing these articles provided insights into the applications of RM: firstly, different types of economic analyses, model settings, RM and cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) outcomes were identified. Secondly, variation in the characteristics of the constraints such as types and nature of constraints and sources of data for the constraints were identified. Thirdly, it was found that including the effects of constraints caused the CEA results to change in these articles.
The review found that DES proved to be an effective technique for RM but there were only a small number of studies applied in HTA. However, these studies showed the important consequences of modelling physical constraints and point to the need for a framework to be developed to guide future applications of this approach.
本文旨在对已发表的关于离散事件模拟（DES）在健康技术评估（HTA）中的资源建模（RM）应用的研究进行系统综述。RM 被广泛定义为在 HTA 模型中纳入和衡量对物理资源（如床位、医生、护士）的限制的影响。
在学术数据库（JSTOR、SAGE、SPRINGER、SCOPUS、IEEE、Science Direct、PubMed、EMBASE）和灰色文献（Google Scholar、NHS 期刊图书馆）中进行了系统文献检索，并通过手动搜索（即参考文献检查、引文搜索和手工搜索技术）进行了补充。
搜索策略产生了 4117 条潜在相关引文。经过筛选和手动搜索，最终纳入了 10 篇文章。对这些文章的回顾提供了对 RM 应用的深入了解：首先，确定了不同类型的经济分析、模型设置、RM 和成本效益分析（CEA）结果。其次，确定了约束的特征差异，如约束的类型和性质以及约束数据的来源。第三，发现纳入约束的影响会导致这些文章中的 CEA 结果发生变化。
综述发现，DES 被证明是 RM 的有效技术，但在 HTA 中应用的研究数量较少。然而，这些研究表明了对物理约束建模的重要后果，并指出需要制定一个框架来指导该方法的未来应用。
