Puchades Víctor Marín, Pietrantoni Luca, Fraboni Federico, De Angelis Marco, Prati Gabriele
a Dipartimento di Psicologia , Università degli Studi di Bologna , Bologna , Italy.
Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot. 2018 Mar;25(1):70-77. doi: 10.1080/17457300.2017.1341931. Epub 2017 Jul 4.
This study investigates the direct and indirect effect of three types of unsafe behaviours (i.e. errors, generic violations and smartphone-specific violations) on the likelihood of near crashes and actual crashes among Italian cyclists. We considered smartphone-specific violations as a different unsafe behaviour subtype that enhances the probability of committing errors, thus increasing the likelihood of being involved in near crashes. Furthermore, we hypothesized that near crashes will predict actual crashes. Results revealed that errors predicted near crashes, whereas generic and smartphone-specific violations did not. Near crashes mediated the effect of errors on crashes. Moreover, smartphone-specific violations predicted crashes throughout its consecutive effects on errors and near crashes. These findings contribute to deepen our understanding of the relationship between cyclists' unsafe behaviours, near crashes and actual crashes. To our knowledge, the present study is the first that links errors to near crashes among cyclists.
本研究调查了三种不安全行为（即失误、一般违规行为和特定于智能手机的违规行为）对意大利骑自行车者发生险些相撞和实际碰撞可能性的直接和间接影响。我们将特定于智能手机的违规行为视为一种不同的不安全行为子类型，它会增加犯错的概率，从而增加卷入险些相撞事故的可能性。此外，我们假设险些相撞会预测实际碰撞。结果显示，失误可预测险些相撞，而一般违规行为和特定于智能手机的违规行为则不然。险些相撞在失误对碰撞的影响中起中介作用。此外，特定于智能手机的违规行为通过其对失误和险些相撞的连续影响来预测碰撞。这些发现有助于加深我们对骑自行车者不安全行为、险些相撞和实际碰撞之间关系的理解。据我们所知，本研究是第一项将失误与骑自行车者的险些相撞联系起来的研究。
