Mazigo Humphrey D, Rumisha Susan F, Chiduo Mercy G, Bwana Veneranda M, Mboera Leonard E G
Department of Medical Parasitology, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, Mwanza, Tanzania.
National Institute for Medical Research, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Infect Dis Poverty. 2017 Jul 5;6(1):101. doi: 10.1186/s40249-017-0315-1.
Malaria remains the most important cause of morbidity and mortality in Tanzania. However, its prevalence varies from area to area depending on various ecological, socio-economic and health system factors. This study was carried out to determine malaria prevalence and associated factors among rice farming communities in the Kilangali village of Kilosa District in Central Tanzania.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2015, involving randomly selected persons living in the six sub-villages of the Kilangali village, namely Mlegeni, Kisiwani, Makuruwili, Kwamtunga, Upogoroni and Chamwino. A finger prick blood sample was obtained for diagnosis of malaria infection using Giemsa-stained thick smears and a rapid malaria diagnostic test. Study participants were also screened for haemoglobin levels and a total of 570 children aged ≤ 12 years of age were examined for spleen enlargement using the palpation method.
A total of 1154 persons were examined for malaria infection with mean age of 21.9 ± 19.69 years. The overall malaria prevalence was 14.2% and 17.5% based on microscopic examination and rapid diagnostic test, respectively. Plasmodium falciparum accounted for the majority (89%) of the malaria infections. The overall geometrical mean parasite density was 20.5 parasites/μL (95% CI: 14.6-28.8). Malaria prevalence and parasitaemia was highest among individuals living in the Mlegeni (23.9%) and Makuruwili (24.4%) sub-villages. Among the children examined for splenomegaly, 2.98% (17/570) had it. The overall prevalence of anaemia was 34.6%. Malaria infection was associated with the age groups of 1-10 years (aOR = 4.41, 95% CI: 1.96-9.93, P < 0.001) and 11-20 years (aOR = 6.68, 95% CI: 2.91-15.37, P < 0.001); and mild anaemia (aOR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.11-2.62, P < 0.014) and moderate anaemia (aOR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.01-2.39, P < 0.045).
Malaria was found at the study setting and its prevalence varied according to the demographic characteristics of the study participants and between sub-villages that are closely located.
疟疾仍然是坦桑尼亚发病和死亡的最重要原因。然而，其流行率因地区而异，取决于各种生态、社会经济和卫生系统因素。本研究旨在确定坦桑尼亚中部基洛萨区基兰加利村水稻种植社区的疟疾流行率及相关因素。
2015年5月进行了一项横断面研究，随机选取居住在基兰加利村六个子村（即姆莱格尼、基西瓦尼、马库鲁维利、夸姆通加、乌波戈罗尼和查姆维诺）的人员。采集手指刺血样本，使用吉姆萨染色厚涂片和快速疟疾诊断试验诊断疟疾感染。还对研究参与者进行了血红蛋白水平筛查，并使用触诊法对总共570名年龄≤12岁的儿童进行了脾肿大检查。
共对1154人进行了疟疾感染检查，平均年龄为21.9±19.69岁。基于显微镜检查和快速诊断试验，总体疟疾流行率分别为14.2%和17.5%。恶性疟原虫占疟疾感染的大多数（89%）。总体几何平均寄生虫密度为20.5个寄生虫/微升（95%置信区间：14.6 - 28.8）。居住在姆莱格尼（23.9%）和马库鲁维利（24.4%）子村的个体中疟疾流行率和寄生虫血症最高。在接受脾肿大检查的儿童中，2.98%（17/570）患有脾肿大。贫血的总体患病率为34.6%。疟疾感染与1 - 10岁年龄组（调整后比值比 = 4.41，95%置信区间：1.96 - 9.93，P < 0.001）和11 - 20岁年龄组（调整后比值比 = 6.68，95%置信区间：2.91 - 15.37，P < 0.001）；以及轻度贫血（调整后比值比 = 1.71，95%置信区间：1.11 - 2.62，P < 0.014）和中度贫血（调整后比值比 = 1.55，95%置信区间：1.01 - 2.39，P < 0.045）相关。
在研究地点发现了疟疾，其流行率根据研究参与者的人口统计学特征以及相邻子村之间的情况而有所不同。
