Miller Ann Neville, Sellnow Timothy, Neuberger Lindsay, Todd Andrew, Freihaut Rebecca, Noyes Jane, Allen Tomas, Alexander Nyka, Vanderford Marsha, Gamhewage Gaya
a Department of Communication , University of Central Florida , Orlando , Florida , USA.
b Sarasota County Libraries , Sarasota , Florida , USA.
J Health Commun. 2017 Jul;22(7):612-629. doi: 10.1080/10810730.2017.1338802. Epub 2017 Jul 6.
Although disaster preparedness training is regularly conducted for a range of health-related professions, little evidence-based guidance is available about how best to actually develop capacity in staff for conducting emergency risk communication. This article presents results of a systematic review undertaken to inform the development of World Health Organization guidelines for risk communication during public health and humanitarian emergencies. A total of 6,720 articles were screened, with 24 articles identified for final analysis. The majority of research studies identified were conducted in the United States, were either disaster general or focused on infectious disease outbreak, involved in-service training, and used uncontrolled quantitative or mixed method research designs. Synthesized findings suggest that risk communication training should include a focus on collaboration across agencies, training in working with media, and emphasis on designing messages for specific audience needs. However, certainty of findings was at best moderate due to lack of methodological rigor in most studies.
尽管针对一系列与健康相关的职业定期开展了灾难准备培训，但关于如何切实提高工作人员进行应急风险沟通的能力，几乎没有基于证据的指导意见。本文介绍了一项系统性综述的结果，该综述旨在为世界卫生组织制定公共卫生和人道主义紧急情况期间风险沟通指南提供参考。共筛选了6720篇文章，确定了24篇文章进行最终分析。所确定的大多数研究在美国进行，要么是关于灾难总体情况的，要么侧重于传染病爆发，涉及在职培训，并采用了非对照定量或混合方法研究设计。综合研究结果表明，风险沟通培训应注重跨机构协作、与媒体合作的培训，并强调根据特定受众需求设计信息。然而，由于大多数研究缺乏方法上的严谨性，研究结果的确定性充其量只能说是中等。
