Izopet J, Lhomme S, Chapuy-Regaud S, Mansuy J-M, Kamar N, Abravanel F
Department of virology, National reference center for hepatitis E virus, CHU Purpan, IFB, 330, avenue de Grande-Bretagne, TSA 40031, 31059 Toulouse, France; Inserm UMR 1043/CNRS UMR 5282, CPTP, center for pathophysiology of toulouse-Purpan, Toulouse university Paul-Sabatier, 31024 Toulouse, France.
Department of virology, National reference center for hepatitis E virus, CHU Purpan, IFB, 330, avenue de Grande-Bretagne, TSA 40031, 31059 Toulouse, France; Inserm UMR 1043/CNRS UMR 5282, CPTP, center for pathophysiology of toulouse-Purpan, Toulouse university Paul-Sabatier, 31024 Toulouse, France.
Transfus Clin Biol. 2017 Sep;24(3):176-181. doi: 10.1016/j.tracli.2017.06.012. Epub 2017 Jul 6.
HEV infections are mainly food- and water-borne but transfusion-transmission has occurred in both developing and developed countries. The infection is usually asymptomatic but it can lead to fulminant hepatitis in patients with underlying liver disease and pregnant women living in developing countries. It also causes chronic hepatitis E, with progressive fibrosis and cirrhosis, in approximately 60% of immunocompromised patients infected with HEV genotype 3. The risk of a transfusion-transmitted HEV infection is linked to the frequency of viremia in blood donors, the donor virus load and the volume of plasma in the final transfused blood component. Several developed countries have adopted measures to improve blood safety based on the epidemiology of HEV.
戊型肝炎病毒感染主要通过食物和水传播，但在发展中国家和发达国家均有输血传播的病例。该感染通常无症状，但在发展中国家，潜在肝病患者和孕妇感染后可能会发展为暴发性肝炎。此外，约60%感染3型戊型肝炎病毒的免疫功能低下患者会出现慢性戊型肝炎，并伴有进行性纤维化和肝硬化。输血传播戊型肝炎病毒感染的风险与献血者病毒血症的频率、供体病毒载量以及最终输注血液成分中的血浆量有关。一些发达国家已根据戊型肝炎病毒的流行病学情况采取措施提高血液安全性。
