Stomatology and Oral Surgery, Dr Peset University Hospital, Department of Stomatology, University of Valencia, Spain.
Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.
J Biol Regul Homeost Agents. 2017 Apr-Jun;31(2 Suppl 1):189-196.
Alzheimers disease (AD) is a very common cause of dementia in developed countries and increases its prevalence progressively with age. AD etiopathogenesis is not yet understood. However, it is recognized that neuroinflammation plays a key role in its pathogenesis with the activation of microglia and the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines triggering irreversible neurodegenerative deterioration. This paper is a short review of the relationship between AD and periodontal disease (PD). Both processes may have common causes: both are inflammatory diseases and the prevalence and progression increases with ageing. However, we must consider that AD begins to develop many years before its clinical diagnosis. It is thought that in this prodromal period a connection could be established between both processes, both sustained by low intensity inflammation. There are several studies that relate both processes such as the possible systemic exposure to certain periodontopathogenic bacteria or the proinflammatory cytokines and other elements. It is argued that there are no modifiable factors such as age, or genetic factors, but that there are other factors that could be avoided, modified or controlled such as periodontal peripheral inflammation.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是发达国家非常常见的痴呆症病因，且其患病率随年龄增长而逐渐增加。AD 的发病机制尚不清楚。然而，人们已经认识到神经炎症在其发病机制中起着关键作用，小胶质细胞的激活和促炎细胞因子的分泌引发了不可逆转的神经退行性恶化。本文是对 AD 与牙周病（PD）之间关系的简要综述。这两个过程可能有共同的原因：两者都是炎症性疾病，且随着年龄的增长，其患病率和进展都会增加。然而，我们必须考虑到 AD 在其临床诊断之前就已经开始发展多年。据认为，在这个前驱期，这两个过程之间可能会建立联系，都由低强度炎症维持。有几项研究将这两个过程联系起来，如可能全身暴露于某些牙周致病菌或促炎细胞因子和其他因素。有人认为，年龄或遗传因素等不可改变的因素不存在，但存在其他可以避免、改变或控制的因素，如牙周外周炎症。
