Skotheim Siv, Dahl Lisbeth, Handeland Katina, Frøyland Livar, Lie Øyvind, Øyen Jannike, Kjellevold Marian, Stormark Kjell Morten, Graff Ingvild Eide
1 Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Uni Research Health, Bergen, Norway.
2 National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research (NIFES), Bergen, Norway.
Scand J Public Health. 2017 Aug;45(6):621-629. doi: 10.1177/1403494817717408. Epub 2017 Jul 9.
To describe the rationale, study design, population and dietary compliance in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) investigating the effect of fatty fish on cognitive performance and mental health in adolescents.
In the Fish Intervention Studies-TEENS (FINS-TEENS) study we individually randomized 478 adolescents (14-15-year-olds) from eight secondary schools in Norway to receive school meal lunches with fatty fish or meat or n-3 supplements three times a week for 12 weeks. Demographic factors, psychological tests and biological measures were collected pre-and post-intervention. Duplicate portions of lunch meals were collected and individual intake recorded throughout the study.
In total, 481 out of 785 adolescents (61%) agreed to participate and 34 (7%) dropped out. Breakfast consumption was the only group difference in background characteristics. Analyses of selected nutrients in the lunch meals showed higher levels of n-3 fatty acids, vitamin D and n-6 fatty acids in the fish compared to the meat meals. Dietary compliance (score 0-144) revealed that the intake in the Fish group (mean = 59, standard deviation (SD) = 35) were lower than in the Meat group (mean = 83, SD = 31, p < 0.01) and Supplement group (mean = 105, SD = 25, p < 0.01).
The results show that it is possible to conduct a RCT with fatty fish in a school-based setting. The results also emphasize the importance of collecting detailed records of dietary compliance, as this information is important when interpreting and analysing the outcome of dietary interventions.
在一项随机对照试验（RCT）中描述其基本原理、研究设计、研究对象及饮食依从性，该试验旨在研究富含脂肪的鱼类对青少年认知能力和心理健康的影响。
在“鱼类干预研究 - 青少年（FINS - TEENS）”研究中，我们将挪威8所中学的478名青少年（14 - 15岁）进行个体随机分组，让他们每周三次、持续12周接受富含脂肪的鱼类、肉类或n - 3补充剂的学校午餐。在干预前后收集人口统计学因素、心理测试和生物学指标。在整个研究过程中收集午餐的双份样本并记录个人摄入量。
在785名青少年中，共有481名（61%）同意参与，34名（7%）退出。早餐摄入量是背景特征中唯一的组间差异。对午餐中选定营养素的分析表明，与肉类午餐相比，鱼类午餐中的n - 3脂肪酸、维生素D和n - 6脂肪酸含量更高。饮食依从性（评分0 - 144）显示，鱼类组（均值 = 59，标准差（SD）= 35）的摄入量低于肉类组（均值 = 83，SD = 31，p < 0.01）和补充剂组（均值 = 105，SD = 25，p < 0.01）。
结果表明在学校环境中对富含脂肪的鱼类进行随机对照试验是可行的。结果还强调了收集饮食依从性详细记录的重要性，因为在解释和分析饮食干预结果时，这些信息很重要。
