Clinical diagnosis and detection of genetic mutations of pancreatic metastases: A report of four cases and review of the literature.

The present study aimed to report our clinical experience regarding the diagnosis and detection of genetic mutations of pancreatic metastases, and to review the relevant literature to expand knowledge of this disease. A total of 4 cases involving pancreatic metastases, which were treated at The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University between January 2013 and July 2016, were retrospectively analyzed. This retrospective study considered the clinicopathological variables of the 4 patients, and compared this data with those from the literature, which was searched using PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. All 4 patients with pancreatic metastases were diagnosed by computed tomography (CT) scan and confirmed by pathological staining and immunohistochemistry. Mutation analysis was performed in 3 patients to obtain precise mutation information for guiding and evaluating the use of molecularly targeted drugs. In summary, pancreatic metastases are rare and the majority of pancreatic metastases develop from renal cell carcinoma. Diagnoses of pancreatic metastases predominantly rely on CT, pathology and immunohistochemistry. Detection of mutations has clinical value in auxiliary diagnosis and therapy of pancreatic metastases. Based on mutation information, molecularly targeted drugs may prolong the survival of patients with unresectable pancreatic metastases.