Beji Marwa, Rhim Adel, Roiz David, Bouattour Ali
Université Tunis El Manar, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Laboratoire d'Epidémiologie et de Microbiologie Vétérinaire LR11IPT03, Service d'Entomologie Médicale, 1002, Tunis-Belvédère, Tunisia.
Infectious Diseases and Vectors: Ecology, Genetics, Evolution and Control, IRD (Institut de Recherche pour le Développement), Montpellier, France.
Parasit Vectors. 2017 Jul 10;10(1):327. doi: 10.1186/s13071-017-2265-7.
The Culex pipiens complex (Diptera: Culicidae) includes the most widespread mosquito species in the world. Members of this complex are the primary enzootic and epidemic vectors of the West Nile virus (genus Flavivirus) in several countries. The two recognized forms of Cx. pipiens (Linnaeus, 1758) - pipiens and molestus - exhibit behavioral and physiological differences. Natural populations of Cx. pipiens were investigated in several sites in Tunisia to evaluate the ecophysiological and molecular characteristics of their forms.
The analysis showed the sympatric presence of Cx. pipiens forms and hybrids in all studied sites. Of all the tested larvae of Cx. pipiens, 33.5% were identified as pipiens, 30.8% were identified as molestus, and 35.6% were identified as hybrids. The molestus and hybrid forms were positively correlated with urban habitats and belowground sites while the pipiens form was positively correlated with rural habitats and aboveground sites. Autogeny was expressed in all types of habitats and breeding sites. By contrast with the microsatellite CQ11, the two molecular markers, ace-2 and cytb, did not allow differentiation between the Cx. pipiens forms.
Our study shows the ubiquitous distribution and the plasticity of the different forms of Cx. pipiens in a wide range of ecological conditions. It suggests that the behavioral traits assigned to the forms of Cx. pipiens seem to be more flexible than previously assumed. Our analysis also proves that the microsatellite CQ11 remains an efficient tool for distinguishing between Cx. pipiens forms.
尖音库蚊复合组（双翅目：蚊科）包含世界上分布最广泛的蚊虫种类。该复合组的成员是西尼罗河病毒（黄病毒属）在多个国家的主要动物源性和流行性传播媒介。尖音库蚊（Linnaeus，1758）的两种公认类型——尖音库蚊型和骚扰库蚊型——表现出行为和生理差异。对突尼斯多个地点的尖音库蚊自然种群进行了调查，以评估其不同类型的生态生理学和分子特征。
分析表明，在所有研究地点均存在尖音库蚊不同类型及其杂交种的同域分布。在所有测试的尖音库蚊幼虫中，33.5%被鉴定为尖音库蚊型，30.8%被鉴定为骚扰库蚊型，35.6%被鉴定为杂交种。骚扰库蚊型和杂交种与城市栖息地和地下场所呈正相关，而尖音库蚊型与农村栖息地和地上场所呈正相关。在所有类型的栖息地和繁殖场所均表现出自生性。与微卫星CQ11不同，ace-2和cytb这两个分子标记无法区分尖音库蚊的不同类型。
我们的研究表明，尖音库蚊不同类型在广泛的生态条件下具有普遍分布和可塑性。这表明赋予尖音库蚊不同类型的行为特征似乎比之前设想的更具灵活性。我们的分析还证明，微卫星CQ11仍然是区分尖音库蚊不同类型的有效工具。
