Universidad del País Vasco.
Psicothema. 2017 Aug;29(3):335-340. doi: 10.7334/psicothema2016.258.
The family can be a protective/risk factor for violence. The study analyzes differences in family variables (parental stress, parental competence and parenting styles) among severe student victims, aggressors, cybervictims, and cyberaggressors (who have very frequently suffered or carried out bullying/cyberbullying behaviors in the past year) and those who have neither suffered nor carried out any aggressive behavior or only occasionally.
Participants were 1,993 students in the 5th-6th grade (9-13 years old).
Victims and aggressors of bullying had parents with higher levels of parental stress, who used more authoritarian educational styles (low affection, coercive discipline, high control), and more permissive practices (high affection/overprotection, low demand/control); parents of aggressors also had a lower level of parental competence. Cybervictims had parents with higher parental stress who used more permissive educational styles. Cyberaggressors had parents with a low level of parental competence.
The family context is relevant for bullying/cyberbullying, but family variables have more influence on bullying than on cyberbullying.
家庭可能是暴力的保护/风险因素。本研究分析了严重的学生受害者、欺凌者、网络欺凌受害者和网络欺凌者（在过去一年中非常频繁地遭受或实施欺凌/网络欺凌行为）以及那些既未遭受也未实施任何攻击性行为或仅偶尔实施攻击性行为的学生在家庭变量（父母压力、父母能力和教养方式）方面的差异。
参与者为 1993 名五年级至六年级（9-13 岁）学生。
欺凌行为的受害者和欺凌者的父母承受着更高水平的父母压力，他们采用了更专制的教育方式（低情感、强制性纪律、高控制）和更放任的做法（高情感/过度保护、低要求/控制）；欺凌者的父母的父母能力也较低。网络欺凌受害者的父母承受着更高水平的父母压力，他们采用了更放任的教育方式。网络欺凌者的父母能力较低。
家庭环境与欺凌/网络欺凌有关，但家庭变量对欺凌的影响大于对网络欺凌的影响。
