Botezatu Delia, Tovaru Mihaela, Georgescu Simona-Roxana, Leahu Oana-Diana, Giurcaneanu Calin, Curici Antoanela
Department of Dermato-Venereology, "Dr. Victor Babes" Clinical Hospital of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Bucharest.
"Dr. Victor Gomoiu" Children's Clinical Hospital, Bucharest.
Maedica (Bucur). 2016 Sep;11(3):232-240.
The polypeptide hormone prolactin (PRL) represents the pituitary modulator of lactation and reproduction. Currently, we discuss the wide range of PRL actions "beyond the mammary horizon". Multiple studies had showed the role of PRL as a cytokine, with comparable structural motifs, similar receptor structures and signal transduction pathways. Almost two decades ago it was fi rst hypothesized that PRL acts as a neuroendocrine modulator of both skin epithelial growth and the skin immune system. Moreover, it was described the PRL circuit between the skin and the central nervous system. Psoriasis vulgaris, an immunologically mediated skin disease, is a common disorder, having as main pathogenetic mechanisms the chronic infl ammation and keratinocytes hyperproliferation. Psoriasis vulgaris is not a life threatening disease, but aff ects seriously the quality of life; there is still no causative treatment.
After we describe the essentials of general PRL biology, the almost ubiquitous distribution of its receptors and the vast list of extrapituitary PRL-expressing tissues, our aim is to summarize clinical observations that provide insights into how PRL may impact on the psoriatic skin and defi ne research for be% er characterize the complex role of PRL in human skin biology and pathology.
Focusing on psoriasis, as a stress-related disease, we then discuss the possible role of PRL/ PRLR in its pathology and may identify one potential biological marker and therapeutic targets for the management of this autoimmune skin disorder.
This theory/concept can now be integrated into current views on the multilevel neuroendocrine- immune communication along the brain-skin axis in health and disease. Due to the pathogenic complexity, there is no curative treatment for psoriasis and pharmacological modulation of PRL may represent a future target to restrict the lesions in psoriatic patients.
多肽激素催乳素（PRL）是泌乳和生殖的垂体调节因子。目前，我们将探讨PRL“超出乳腺范畴”的广泛作用。多项研究表明PRL具有细胞因子的作用，其结构基序、受体结构和信号转导途径具有可比性。近二十年前，首次有人提出PRL作为皮肤上皮生长和皮肤免疫系统的神经内分泌调节因子发挥作用。此外，还描述了皮肤与中枢神经系统之间的PRL回路。寻常型银屑病是一种免疫介导的皮肤病，是一种常见疾病，其主要发病机制为慢性炎症和角质形成细胞过度增殖。寻常型银屑病虽不危及生命，但严重影响生活质量；目前仍无根治性治疗方法。
在描述了PRL的一般生物学要点、其受体几乎无处不在的分布以及大量表达垂体外PRL的组织后，我们的目的是总结临床观察结果，以深入了解PRL如何影响银屑病皮肤，并确定相关研究，以更好地阐明PRL在人类皮肤生物学和病理学中的复杂作用。
聚焦于作为一种应激相关疾病的银屑病，我们随后讨论PRL/PRLR在其病理过程中的可能作用，并可能确定一种潜在的生物标志物和治疗靶点，用于管理这种自身免疫性皮肤病。
这一理论/概念现在可以整合到当前关于健康和疾病状态下脑-皮肤轴多层次神经内分泌-免疫通讯的观点中。由于致病机制复杂，银屑病尚无治愈方法，对PRL进行药理学调节可能是限制银屑病患者皮损的未来靶点。
