护理情境中的“他者化”：一项概念分析。
Othering in the nursing context: A concept analysis.
作者信息
Roberts Mary Lee A, Schiavenato Martin
机构信息
College of Nursing Washington State University Spokane WA USA.
出版信息
Nurs Open. 2017 May 7;4(3):174-181. doi: 10.1002/nop2.82. eCollection 2017 Jul.
AIM
'Othering' is described as a social process whereby a dominant group or person uses negative attributes to define and subordinate others. Literature suggests othering creates exclusive relationships and puts patients at risk for suboptimal care. A concept analysis delineating the properties of othering was conducted to develop knowledge to support inclusionary practices in nursing.
DESIGN
Rodgers' Evolutionary Method for concept analysis guided this study.
METHODS
The following databases were searched spanning the years 1999-2015: CINAHL, PUBMED, PsychINFO and Google. Search terms included "othering", "nurse", "other", "exclusion" and "patient".
RESULTS
Twenty-eight papers were analyzed whereby definitions, related concepts and othering attributes were identified. Findings support that othering in nursing is a sequential process with a trajectory aimed at marginalization and exclusion, which in turn has a negative impact on patient care and professional relationships. Implications are discussed in terms of deriving practical solutions to disrupt othering. We conclude with a conceptual foundation designed to support inclusionary strategies in nursing.
目的
“他者化”被描述为一个社会过程，即占主导地位的群体或个人利用负面属性来界定他人并使其处于从属地位。文献表明，他者化会造成排他性的关系，并使患者面临获得次优护理的风险。进行了一项概念分析，以阐明他者化的属性，从而发展知识以支持护理中的包容性实践。
设计
罗杰斯的概念分析进化方法指导了本研究。
方法
检索了1999年至2015年期间的以下数据库：护理学与健康领域数据库、医学期刊数据库、心理学文摘数据库和谷歌。检索词包括“他者化”“护士”“他人”“排斥”和“患者”。
结果
分析了28篇论文，确定了定义、相关概念和他者化属性。研究结果支持，护理中的他者化是一个具有边缘化和排斥倾向的连续过程，这反过来又会对患者护理和专业关系产生负面影响。讨论了从实际解决方案中消除他者化的意义。我们以一个旨在支持护理中包容性策略的概念基础作为结论。
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