Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Departamento de Química (DQ), Instituto de Ciências Exatas e da Terra (ICET), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, Cuiabá, MT, CEP 78060-900, Brazil.
Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA.
Mol Neurobiol. 2018 Jun;55(6):4543-4559. doi: 10.1007/s12035-017-0680-6. Epub 2017 Jul 10.
Major depression is a public health problem, affecting 121 million people worldwide. Patients suffering from depression present high rates of morbidity, causing profound economic and social impacts. Furthermore, patients with depression present cognitive impairments, which could influence on treatment adherence and long-term outcomes. The pathophysiology of major depression is not completely understood yet but involves reduced levels of monoamine neurotransmitters, bioenergetics, and redox disturbances, as well as inflammation and neuronal loss. Treatment with anti-depressants provides a complete remission of symptoms in approximately 50% of patients with major depression. However, these drugs may cause side effects, as sedation and weight gain. In this context, there is increasing interest in studies focusing on the anti-depressant effects of natural compounds found in the diet. Resveratrol is a polyphenolic phytoalexin (3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene; CHO; MW 228.247 g/mol) and has been found in peanuts, berries, grapes, and wine and induces anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects in several mammalian cell types. Resveratrol also elicits anti-depressant effects, as observed in experimental models using animals. Therefore, resveratrol may be viewed as a potential anti-depressant agent, as well as may serve as a model of molecule to be modified aiming to ameliorate depressive symptoms in humans. In the present review, we describe and discuss the anti-depressant effects of resveratrol focusing on the mechanism of action of this phytoalexin in different experimental models.
重度抑郁症是一个公共卫生问题，影响着全球 1.21 亿人。抑郁症患者的发病率很高，给他们带来了深刻的经济和社会影响。此外，抑郁症患者还存在认知障碍，这可能会影响他们对治疗的依从性和长期预后。重度抑郁症的病理生理学尚未完全清楚，但涉及单胺神经递质、生物能量和氧化还原紊乱的减少，以及炎症和神经元丢失。抗抑郁药治疗可使约 50%的重度抑郁症患者的症状完全缓解。然而，这些药物可能会引起镇静和体重增加等副作用。在这种情况下，人们越来越关注研究饮食中天然化合物的抗抑郁作用。白藜芦醇是一种多酚植物抗毒素（3,4',5-三羟基二苯乙烯；CHO；MW 228.247 g/mol），存在于花生、浆果、葡萄和葡萄酒中，可诱导多种哺乳动物细胞类型的抗氧化、抗炎和抗细胞凋亡作用。白藜芦醇也具有抗抑郁作用，在动物实验模型中观察到了这种作用。因此，白藜芦醇可以被视为一种潜在的抗抑郁药物，也可以作为一种分子模型，旨在改善人类的抑郁症状。在本综述中，我们描述并讨论了白藜芦醇的抗抑郁作用，重点介绍了这种植物抗毒素在不同实验模型中的作用机制。
