A Case Series of Imported Malaria Caused by Plasmodium falciparum in Kayseri and Review of Literature.

Malaria is a major worldwide public health problem. In the last years, no domestic cases of malaria have been detected and cases of imported malaria exist only in Turkey. In this study, clinical and laboratory findings of five Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) malaria patients who were admitted to the emergency department between January 2013 and December 2015 were retrospectively presented. One of the patients was an African student, and the other patients had a history of travelling to Africa. Ring formation was observed when Giemsa staining was performed on the blood smears of all patients, and in three patients, P. falciparum was also detected using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (Bio-Rad, United States of America). P. falciparum was not detected by PCR in the other two patients. Malaria should be primarily considered in febrile patients who have a history of travelling to endemic regions, and peripheral blood smears should definitely be examined.