Little R E, Uhl C N, Labbe R F, Abkowitz J L, Phillips E L
Soc Sci Med. 1986;22(1):91-8. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(86)90312-6.
The agreement between self-reported consumption of several drugs and laboratory tests used to detect their use is examined. Post-partum women (N = 108) enrolled in a research study participated in a detailed interview covering alcohol and caffeine ingestion, tobacco smoking and use of marijuana and other psychoactive drugs. They also kept a 4-day record of their use of these substances. Blood and urine samples were taken and a physical exam done at the close of the record period. Laboratory tests to detect use of alcohol, tobacco, caffeine, marijuana and other drugs were carried out and the results compared to self-reported drug use in the interview and the record. The degree of agreement depended on the drug taken, the test used and the pattern of drug use in the sample. Sporadic or infrequent consumption related poorly to laboratory tests, especially those that were designed as screening tools. Regular consumption could be identified with greater accuracy. However, the group associations evident between self-reports of drug use and laboratory results were not sufficient to guarantee that subjects were correctly classified. Error in both self-report and the decision made from laboratory values must be taken into account in determining the confidence that should be placed in the data and the conclusions drawn from it.
研究了几种药物的自我报告使用情况与用于检测其使用的实验室检测之间的一致性。参与一项研究的产后女性（N = 108）参加了一次详细访谈，内容涵盖酒精和咖啡因摄入、吸烟以及大麻和其他精神活性药物的使用情况。她们还对这些物质的使用情况进行了为期4天的记录。在记录期结束时采集了血液和尿液样本并进行了体格检查。开展了检测酒精、烟草、咖啡因、大麻和其他药物使用情况的实验室检测，并将结果与访谈和记录中自我报告的药物使用情况进行比较。一致性程度取决于所服用的药物、所使用的检测方法以及样本中的药物使用模式。偶尔或不频繁的消费与实验室检测的相关性较差，尤其是那些设计为筛查工具的检测。定期消费能够更准确地被识别。然而，药物使用自我报告与实验室结果之间明显的组间关联并不足以确保对受试者进行正确分类。在确定对数据及其得出的结论应有的信心时，必须考虑自我报告和根据实验室值做出的判断中的误差。
