Sun Dan, Buttitta Laura
Dept. of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Int J Dev Biol. 2017;61(6-7):357-366. doi: 10.1387/ijdb.160343LB.
While cellular proliferation is fundamental to the development of all multicellular organisms, the slowing or stopping of proliferation at the right places and times is equally important for proper tissue and organ development. The non-cycling state of cellular quiescence or "G" is relatively understudied compared to proliferation, given its prevalence in nature. It may seem that actively proliferating cells undergo a series of dynamic events, while quiescent cells are in a passive, static state. However, studies over the last 10-15 years suggest that quiescence may be more dynamic than previously thought and must also be actively regulated and maintained. This review focuses on recent advances in understanding quiescence or G and in particular, on observations about the proliferation-quiescence decision in cell lines, in tissues and during development. We also discuss novel, advanced molecular tools that are likely to enable the field to address outstanding, unresolved questions about cellular quiescence and its regulation.
虽然细胞增殖是所有多细胞生物发育的基础，但在合适的位置和时间减缓或停止增殖对于组织和器官的正常发育同样重要。与增殖相比，细胞静止或“G”的非循环状态在自然界中普遍存在，但相对而言研究较少。似乎活跃增殖的细胞会经历一系列动态事件，而静止细胞则处于被动的静态状态。然而，过去10至15年的研究表明，静止状态可能比以前认为的更具动态性，也必须进行积极的调节和维持。本综述重点关注在理解静止或G方面的最新进展，特别是关于细胞系、组织和发育过程中增殖-静止决定的观察结果。我们还将讨论一些新颖、先进的分子工具，这些工具可能使该领域能够解决有关细胞静止及其调节的悬而未决的重要问题。
