Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna Biocenter Campus (VBC), Dr. Bohr Gasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria
Division of Life Science, Center for Stem Cell Research, Center of Systems Biology and Human Health, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Molecular Neuroscience Center, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
Development. 2021 Feb 8;148(3):dev165084. doi: 10.1242/dev.165084.
Quiescence is a cellular state in which a cell remains out of the cell cycle but retains the capacity to divide. The unique ability of adult stem cells to maintain quiescence is crucial for life-long tissue homeostasis and regenerative capacity. Quiescence has long been viewed as an inactive state but recent studies have shown that it is in fact an actively regulated process and that adult stem cells are highly reactive to extrinsic stimuli. This has fuelled hopes of boosting the reactivation potential of adult stem cells to improve tissue function during ageing. In this Review, we provide a perspective of the quiescent state and discuss how quiescent adult stem cells transition into the cell cycle. We also discuss current challenges in the field, highlighting recent technical advances that could help overcome some of these challenges.
静止是一种细胞状态，在此状态下细胞处于细胞周期之外，但仍保留分裂能力。成年干细胞保持静止的独特能力对于终生组织稳态和再生能力至关重要。长期以来，静止状态被视为一种不活跃的状态，但最近的研究表明，实际上它是一个主动调节的过程，成年干细胞对外部刺激非常敏感。这激发了人们的希望，即提高成年干细胞的再激活潜力，以改善衰老过程中的组织功能。在这篇综述中，我们提供了静止状态的观点，并讨论了静止的成年干细胞如何进入细胞周期。我们还讨论了该领域的当前挑战，强调了最近的技术进展，这些进展可能有助于克服其中的一些挑战。
