Caravaglio Joseph V, Khachemoune Amor
J Drugs Dermatol. 2017 Jul 1;16(7):684-689.
Ecthyma contagiosum, also called contagious pustular dermatosis, is a zoonotic disease caused by the orf virus (OrfV). As a member of the poxviridae family and parapoxvirus genus, this dermatotropic virus has developed an array of mechanisms by which to evade the host immune system in both humans and animals. The ubiquitousness of this pathogen in sheep, goats, and deer has led to the development of orf in diverse areas around the world. Human disease occurs via direct contact with infected animals or fomites. Rarely, human-to-human transmission has been reported. The disease progresses through six clinically distinct dermatologic stages and lesions usually heal in three to six weeks without scarring. Farmers, veterinarians, and hunters represent high-risk groups, as their repeated contact with livestock and wild animals predisposes them to infection. With an increasing number of cattle, livestock, and wild animals being kept as pets, human orf may become more prevalent in the future. Taken with the lack of a widely accepted and successful antiviral treatment regimen, this demonstrates the importance of conducting additional research to further elucidate the pathogenic effects of the OrfV in humans. J Drugs Dermatol. 2017;16(7):684-689.
传染性脓疱性皮炎，又称接触传染性脓疱病，是一种由羊痘病毒（OrfV）引起的人畜共患病。作为痘病毒科副痘病毒属的一员，这种嗜皮性病毒已形成一系列机制，可在人和动物体内逃避宿主免疫系统。这种病原体在绵羊、山羊和鹿中普遍存在，导致世界各地不同地区出现羊痘。人类疾病通过直接接触受感染动物或污染物而发生。很少有关于人传人的报道。该病经过六个临床上不同的皮肤阶段，病变通常在三到六周内愈合且不留疤痕。农民、兽医和猎人是高危人群，因为他们反复接触家畜和野生动物，容易感染。随着越来越多的牛、家畜和野生动物被当作宠物饲养，人类羊痘在未来可能会更加普遍。鉴于缺乏广泛接受且成功的抗病毒治疗方案，这表明开展更多研究以进一步阐明OrfV对人类的致病作用的重要性。《皮肤药物学杂志》。2017年；16（7）：684 - 689。
