Gu Yangnan, Zavaliev Raul, Dong Xinnian
Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China; Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
Mol Plant. 2017 Aug 7;10(8):1026-1034. doi: 10.1016/j.molp.2017.07.001. Epub 2017 Jul 8.
Plants employ sophisticated mechanisms to interact with pathogenic as well as beneficial microbes. Of those, membrane trafficking is key in establishing a rapid and precise response. Upon interaction with pathogenic microbes, surface-localized immune receptors undergo endocytosis for signal transduction and activity regulation while cell wall components, antimicrobial compounds, and defense proteins are delivered to pathogen invasion sites through polarized secretion. To sustain mutualistic associations, host cells also reprogram the membrane trafficking system to accommodate invasive structures of symbiotic microbes. Here, we provide an analysis of recent advances in understanding the roles of secretory and endocytic membrane trafficking pathways in plant immune activation. We also discuss strategies deployed by adapted microbes to manipulate these pathways to subvert or inhibit plant defense.
植物利用复杂的机制与致病微生物以及有益微生物相互作用。其中,膜运输在建立快速而精确的反应中起着关键作用。与致病微生物相互作用时,位于表面的免疫受体通过内吞作用进行信号转导和活性调节,而细胞壁成分、抗菌化合物和防御蛋白则通过极性分泌被输送到病原体入侵部位。为了维持共生关系,宿主细胞还会重新编程膜运输系统,以适应共生微生物的侵入结构。在此,我们分析了在理解分泌和内吞膜运输途径在植物免疫激活中的作用方面的最新进展。我们还讨论了适应性微生物用来操纵这些途径以颠覆或抑制植物防御的策略。