Girguis Mariam S, Strickland Matthew J, Hu Xuefei, Liu Yang, Chang Howard H, Belanoff Candice, Bartell Scott M, Vieira Verónica M
Program in Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA.
Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2017 Aug;220(6):1055-1063. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2017.06.007. Epub 2017 Jul 1.
Chronic particulate matter less than 2.5μm in diameter (PM) exposure can leave infants more susceptible to illness. Our objective is to estimate associations of the chronic PM exposure with infant bronchiolitis and otitis media (OM) clinical encounters. We obtained all first time bronchiolitis (n=18,029) and OM (n=40,042) clinical encounters among children less than 12 and 36 months of age, respectively, diagnosed from 2001 to 2009 and two controls per case matched on birthdate and gestational age from the Pregnancy to Early Life Longitudinal data linkage system in Massachusetts. We applied conditional logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (OR) and confidence intervals (CI) per 2-μg/m increase in lifetime average satellite based PM exposure Effect modification was assessed by age, gestational age, frequency of clinical encounter, and income. We examined associations between residential distance to roadways, traffic density, and infant bronchiolitis and OM risk. PM was not associated with infant bronchiolitis (OR=1.02, 95% CI=1.00, 1.04) and inversely associated with OM (OR=0.97, 95% CI=0.95, 0.99). There was no evidence of effect modification. Compared to infants living near low traffic density, infants residing in high traffic density had elevated risk of bronchiolitis (OR=1.23, 95% CI=1.14, 1.31) but not OM (OR=0.98, 95% CI=0.93, 1.02) clinical encounter. We did not find strong evidence to support an association between early-life long-term PM exposure and infant bronchiolitis or OM. Bronchiolitis risk was increased among infants living near high traffic density.
长期暴露于直径小于2.5微米的慢性颗粒物（PM）会使婴儿更容易患病。我们的目标是估计慢性PM暴露与婴儿细支气管炎和中耳炎（OM）临床就诊之间的关联。我们分别获取了2001年至2009年诊断出的12个月以下和36个月以下儿童的所有首次细支气管炎（n = 18,029）和OM（n = 40,042）临床就诊病例，并从马萨诸塞州的妊娠至早期生命纵向数据链接系统中为每个病例匹配了两名出生日期和胎龄匹配的对照。我们应用条件逻辑回归来估计终生平均基于卫星的PM暴露每增加2微克/立方米时的优势比（OR）和置信区间（CI）。通过年龄、胎龄、临床就诊频率和收入评估效应修正。我们研究了居住距离道路的远近、交通密度与婴儿细支气管炎和OM风险之间的关联。PM与婴儿细支气管炎无关（OR = 1.02，95% CI = 1.00, 1.04），与OM呈负相关（OR = 0.97，95% CI = 0.95, 0.99）。没有效应修正的证据。与居住在低交通密度附近的婴儿相比，居住在高交通密度地区的婴儿患细支气管炎的风险升高（OR = 1.23，95% CI = 1.14, 1.31），但患OM的风险未升高（OR = 0.98，95% CI = 0.93, 1.02）。我们没有找到有力证据支持生命早期长期PM暴露与婴儿细支气管炎或OM之间存在关联。居住在高交通密度附近的婴儿患细支气管炎的风险增加。
